Semester Exam
Review
2014-2015
Biology
Question #1
Which of the following statements is true
about prokaryote and eukaryote cells?
A. They both have membrane bound
organelles
B. They both have a nuclear membrane
C. They both have circular chromosomes
D. They both have a cell membrane
Question #2
The solution in the diagram to the right contains 93%
water and 7% sugar. The animal cell in the solution is
99% water and 1% sugar. Which statement best
describes how osmosis will affect the animal cell?
A. Sugar will move into the cell and the cell will expand
B. Sugar will move out of the cell and the cell will
expand
C. Water will move into the cell and the cell will expand
D. Water will move out of the cell and the cell will
shrink
Question #3
When a slice of potato was placed in a
solution. When the potato was taken out, the
potato slice had increased in size. The solution
is said to be:
A. Hypertonic
B. Hypotonic
C. Isotonic
D. None of the above
Question #4
The sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration of a
normal human blood cell is 0.9%. The picture to
the left shows normal red blood cells while the
picture to the right shows red blood cells in a
solution. In order for the cell to burst how must the
concentration of salt be in the solution?
A. Higher than the concentration of salt in the cell
B. Lower than the concentration of salt in the cell
C. Equal to the concentration of salt in the cell
Question #5
The picture on the right illustrates:
A. Diffusion
B. Facilitated Diffusion
C. Active Transport
D. Osmosis
Question #6
The picture on the right illustrates:
A. Diffusion
B. Facilitated Diffusion
C. Active Transport
D. Osmosis
Question #7
The picture on the right illustrates:
A. Diffusion
B. Facilitated Diffusion
C. Active Transport
D. Osmosis
Question #8
Organisms in a freshwater ecosystem can be
negatively impacted if they are placed in a
saltwater ecosystem because they were placed
into a:
A. hypertonic solution and too much water was
being brought into their cells.
B. hypertonic solution and too much water was
leaving their cells.
C. hypotonic solution and too much water was
being brought into their cells.
D. hypotonic solution and too much water was
leaving their cells.
Question #9
Based on the cell theory, why is a virus
considered non-living?
A. A virus cannot reproduce itself without a
host cell
B. A virus does not have a nucleus
C. A virus does not contain genetic material
D. A virus is too small to be considered a cell
Question #10
A university professor finds a particle not visible by
the unaided eye. It has the shape of a soccer ball.
It is non cellular but it has a DNA core. The core is
trapped in s capsid and the capsid has spike-like
projections on its surface. This particle could be:
A. Protist
B. Eubacteria
C. Virus
D. Archaebacteria
Question #11
Which type of viral reproduction takes place
when the influenza virus attacks a person?
A. Binary fission
B. Conjugation
C. Lytic
D. Lysogenic
Question #12
Equation 1:
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight → 6O2 + C6H12O6
What process does the reaction above
represent?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Cell Respiration
C. Photosynthesis
D. Dehydration synthesis
Question #13
Equation 2:
6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
What process does the reaction above
represent?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Cell Respiration
C. Photosynthesis
D. Dehydration synthesis
Question #14
What are the reactants in the process of cell
respiration?
A. Carbon dioxide, water and energy
B. Carbon dioxide, water and light
C. Oxygen and glucose
D. Oxygen and water
Question #15
Which biomolecule that contains Carbon,
Hydrogen and Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio is used
as the primary source of energy?
A. Fats
B. Carbohydrates
C. Proteins
D. Nucleic acids
Question #16
Like complex carbohydrates, proteins are
biomolecules that serve many functions and
can be chemically broken down and
restructured. Which statement describes
proteins and complex carbohydrates?
A. They are both nucleotides of DNA
B. They are both sequences of sugars
C. They are both lipids of large molecules
D. They are both polymers of smaller subunits
Question #17
What is the basic unit (monomer) of DNA?
A. Nucleotide
B. Monosaccharide
C. Fatty acid
D. Amino acid
Question #18
Which molecule of RNA carries the coding
information to the site of protein synthesis?
A. rRNA
B. tRna
C. sRNA
D. mRNA
Question #19
In a DNA molecule, what determines the traits
(characteristics) of an organism?
A. Strength of the hydrogen bonds
B. Amount of adenine
C. Number of sugars
D. Sequence of nitrogen bases
Question #20
In the illustration to the right, what are the
missing complementary bases going from top
to bottom?
A. T-A-A-T
B. U-C-C-U
C. A-G-G-A
D. T-C-C-T
Question #21
Before DNA can replicate, where must the DNA
strand separate?
A. Between every phosphate sugar pair
B. Between any two chemical bonds
C. Between the eight sugar base pairs
D. Between every nitrogenous base pair
Question #22
What is produced in the diagram below?
A. Fatty acid
B. Protein
C. Glucose
D. Nucleotides
Question #23
Look at the 2 nucleotide sequences below.
Sequence 2 is a mutated copy of sequence 1.
What type of mutation is represented in
Sequence 1: GAC CCG AUG
sequence 2?
A. Point mutation
Sequence 2: GAC GCC GAU
B. Inversion mutation
C. Insertion mutation
D. Deletion mutation
Question #24
A DNA analysis was done on several suspects
of a crime that was committed. The results are
pictured below. Who committed the crime?
A. Suspect A
B. Suspect B
C. Suspect C
D. None of the suspects
are a DNA match
Question #25
One way in which a point mutation and a deletion
mutation are different is that ...
A. a point mutation is a physical change, and a
deletion mutation is a chemical change.
B. a point mutation is always harmful, and a deletion
mutation is never harmful.
C. a point mutation only changes one single
nucleotide base, while a deletion mutation results
in a frameshift of all the bases that follow
D. a point mutation always results in a frame shift
mutation, while a deletion mutation never results in
a frameshift mutation.
Question #26
A white flower is crossed with a red flower. All
the offspring are pink. This is an example of:
A. Polygenic inheritance
B. Multiple alleles
C. Incomplete dominance
D. Codominance
Question #27
The karyotype below illustrates:
A. Abnormal female
B. Abnormal male
C. Normal female
D. Normal male
Question #28
In guinea pigs, the allele for a rough coat (R) is
dominant for the allele for a smooth coat (r). A
heterozygous guinea pig and a homozygous
recessive guinea pig are mated. Which of the
following lists the distribution of genotypes most
likely to be seen in the offspring?
A. 25% RR, 50% Rr, and 25%
B. 75% Rr and 25% rr
C. 100% Rr
D. 50% Rr and 50% rr
Question #29
In cats, the gene for brown fur (B) is dominant
over the gene for white fur (b). Which set of
genotypes represents a cross of two brown
cats that could produce offspring with white
fur?
A. Bb × bb
B. Bb × Bb
C. BB x Bb
D. BB x bb
Question #30
Research has shown that this uncontrolled cell
growth and development can lead to which of
these diseases?
A. Down syndrome
B. Cancer
C. Hemophilia
D. AIDS
Question #31
Himalayan rabbits carry a gene that is inactive above 35 °C, and
it is most active from 15 °C to 25 °C. This produces rabbits with a
specific coat coloring. In the central parts of the rabbit’s body
where it has the highest temperature, the gene is not active, and
no pigments are produced, resulting in white fur. However, in the
rabbit's ears, tip of the nose, and feet, where the temperature is
much lower than 35°C, the gene actively produces pigment which
results in black fur. This experiment suggests that –
A.
B.
C.
D.
temperature may affect the feeding habits of Himalayan
rabbits
temperature may affect gene expression in Himalayan
rabbits
Himalayan rabbits will all look identical to one another
abnormalities among Himalayan rabbits are common
Question #32
The segregation that occurs during meiosis
results in:
A. Group of identical cells
B. Single fertilized egg cell
C. Decrease in number of cells per organism
D. Reduction in the number of chromosomes
per cell
Question #33
Identify the correct order of the events in the
diagram below:
A.
B.
C.
D.
DCBA
ABCD
BCDA
ABDC
Question #34
Sex cells are produced by means of _______
while additional body cells are produced by the
means of __________.
A. Mitosis; meiosis
B. Meiosis; mitosis
C. Mitosis; conjugation
D. Meiosis; gametogenesis
Question #35
Which of the following is the correct order for the
cell cycle?
A. Interphase, metaphase, cytokenisis, prophase,
telophase, anaphase.
B. Anaphase, interphase, metaphase,
cytokenisis, telophase, prophase.
C. Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase,
telophase, cytokenisis.
D. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, interphase,
telophase, cytokenisis.
Question #36
Waxy coating on plants is a:
A. Lipid
B. Carbohydrate
C. Protein
D. Nucleic acid
Question #37
The process in the diagram below illustrates:
A. Exocytosis
B. Endocytosis
C. Osmosis
D. Diffusion
Question #38
The molecule below is:
A. Fat
B. Carbohydrate
C. Nucleic acid
D. Protein
Question #39
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by:
A. Changing the pH of a solution
B. Making more bonds
C. Increasing the activation energy
D. Decreasing the activation energy
Question #40
Which is an example of homeostasis?
A. A frog croaking to attract a mate
B. A worker bee protecting the queen
C. A lizard changing colors to camouflage
D. A man sweating after a long run
Question #41
A cell wall is to bacteria as a _____________
is to a virus.
A. Cell membrane
B. Nucleus
C. Spindle fibers
D. Capsid
Question #42
Which statement best describes the primary
function of DNA replication?
A. to prevent mutations from occurring in cells
B. to ensure daughter cells have a complete copy
of the DNA
C. to provide genetic variation within specific
organisms
D. to allow prokaryotic cells to undergo meiosis
Question #43
What does the diagram represent?
A. plant cell forming a cleavage furrow
B. animal cell forming a cell plate
C. animal cell forming a cleavage furrow
D. plant cell forming a cell plate
Question #44
Identify X – Y – Z
A. X = substrate, Y = active site, Z = enzyme
B. X = active site, Y = enzyme, Z = product
C. X = enzyme, Y = reactant, Z = substrate
D. X = reactants, Y = substrate, Z = active
site
Question #45
Which of the following organelles would be
found in both prokaryote and eukaryote cells?
A. Ribosomes
B. Chloroplast
C. Cell wall
D. nucleus
Question #46
Mutations in the DNA sequence produce:
A. Changes in the phenotype
B. A harmful impact
C. A positive impact
D. Genetic diversity