TCSS Biology Sample Assessment Items
Unit 2 – Concept 5 Mutations (Chromosomal and Point)
SB2D: Describe the relationships between changes in DNA and potential appearance of
new traits including:
-Alternating during replication
-Insertions
-High energy radiation (x-rays and ultraviolet) -Deletions
-Substitutions
-Mutagenic factors that can alter DNA
-Chemical
SB2E. Compare the advantages of sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction in
different situations.
1. Sickle-shaped red blood cells result from a mutation in the gene which codes for hemoglobin.
This mutation results in sickle-cell anemia. A partial sequence of bases from a normal
hemoglobin gene and a sequence that results in sickle-cell anemia are shown below.
Normal hemoglobin: T-G-A-G-G-T-C-T-C-C-T-C
Sickle-cell hemoglobin: T-G-A-G-G-T-C-A-C-C-T-C
What type of mutation is depicted in this sequence?
a. A Substitution
b. Insertion
c. Deletion
d. Frameshift
2. Albinism is a genetic mutation that results in some animals being born without the enzyme that
produces the pigment for skin and eye color. Which of the following best explains this mutation?
a. The DNA failed to replicate.
b. The deoxyribose sugar became separated from the DNA.
c. The genetic code caused the wrong protein to form.
d. The RNA necessary to produce proteins was not present.
3. Which of these best describes the initial change caused by a DNA mutation?
a. A change in the sequence of base pairs
b. A change in the production of enzymes
c. A change in the number of nucleosomes within a cell.
d. A change in the number of hydrogen bonds between the bases
4. What type of mutation is highlighted in the karyotype above?
a. Insertion
b. Nondisjunction
c. Deletion
d. Substitution
5. What is the name of the disorder that is caused by the mutation in the karyotype?
a. Turner Syndrome
b. Sickle Cell Anemia
c. Down Syndrome
d. Hemophilia
6.
The diagram shows the normal sequence of genes in a particular chromosome. Which
chromosome could have resulted from a deletion that occurred in this chromosome?