The Wonderful and Great Kidney
By: Jamal McBroom




Before learning about parts of Kidney lets
learn what it is for.
Excretion- The removal from the body of the
waste products through Metabolic pathways
Examples- Urinating, Defecation,
Kidney also produces urine and excretes
ammonium, urea, and are responsible for
reabsorption of water, glucose, and amino
acids.




Bean shaped
Reddish brown color
Located on either side of the vertebral
column just below the diaphragm in lower
back where they are partially protected by
the rib cage.
Right kidney is slightly lower than left kidney



Each kidney (left and right) is connected to a
Ureter
Is a duct that takes urine from kidney and
transports it to the Urinary bladder.
Urine is stored there until it is voided by body
through the single Urethra(tubular structure that receives
urine from bladder).

Males urethra passes through penis, females
opening of the urethra is ventral to that of the
vagina



It is the outer most region of the kidney and
has a somewhat granular appearance.
It also contains blood vessels and cortical
collecting duct.
Ultrafiltration occurs here as well



Consists of six to ten cone-shaped sections
called renal pyramids that lie on the inner
side of the renal cortex.
It is the innermost part of the kidney
Nephrons are located here



Hollow Chamber
Urine is collected in here
Urine is then carried to the urinary bladder by
the Ureter.




Also called Renal calculus
Is a hard granule of phosphate, calcium,
protein, or uric acid that forms in the renal
pelvis.
Many pass unnoticed
Larger ones and jagged stones though can
block renal pelvis or ureter causing intense
pain and damage




Each kidney is composed of over 1 million
tiny tubules called nephrons.
Nephrons produce urine in a kidney.
Loceted primarily in renal cortex but some
are located in renal medulla
Is made of several parts



Blind end of a Nephron pushed on itself to
form a cuplike structure called glomerular
capsule or Bowman’s capsule
Outer layer is composed of squamous
epithelial cells
Inner layer composed of specialized cells that
allow easy passage of molecules




From glomerular capsule is the proximal
convoluted tubule.
It is lined by cells with many mitochondria
and tightly packed microvilli.
Then, Simple squamous epithelium appears
in the loop of the nephron (loop of henle)
Loop has descending and ascending limb.

Its not over yet… More parts




Next, Distal convoluted tubule.
Several Distal convoluted tubule enter one
collecting duct.
Collecting duct transports urine down
through the renal medulla and delivers it to
the renal pelvis.
Loop of Nephron and the collecting duct give
the pyramids of the renal medulla their
striped apperance



Each Neprhon has it’s own blood supply.
Renal Artery branches into numerous small
arteries, which then branch into arterioles,
one for each Nephron.
Each arteriole (called an afferent arteriole),
divides to form a capillary bed, the
Glomerulus which is surrounded by the
glomerular capsule.



Glomerulus drains into an efferent arteriole,
which subsequently branches into a second
capillary bed around the tubular parts of the
nephron.
These capillaries are called peritubular
capillaries.
These capillaries lead to venules that join to
form veins leading to the renal vein, a vessel
that enters the inferior vena cava