Classifying Living Things
•Classifying means grouping together according to
•Grouped according to common characteristics
(TAXONOMY)
•Classification system developed by Carolus Linnaeus
(1707-1778)
•Largest group of a classification is called a DOMAIN
•All living things are grouped into SIX KINGDOMS
System of Classification
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Six Kingdoms
Archaea
•
Bacteria
•
Protista
•
Fungi
•
Plantae
•
Animalia
•
Kingdom Archaea
•
•
•
•
•
•
Smallest of Living Things
One-celled (Unicellular)
No cell nucleus (Prokaryote)
Cell wall lacks PEPTIDOGLYCAN
No cell organelles
Live in extreme environments (boiling mud, hot
ocean vents, salty ponds)
• Example: halophile
Bacteria
•
•
•
•
•
•
Unicellular organisms
No nucleus ( PROKARYOTE)
Cell wall containing PEPTIDOGLYCAN
Reproduce by binary fission
Cause human disease and food spoilage
Example: E. coli, salmonella,
Kingdom Protista
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
SOME Multicellular BUT mostly Unicellular
Have a nucleus (EUKARYOTES)
Plant like producers (AUTOTROPH)
Animal like consumers (HETEROTROPH)
Have cell organelles
Have no cell wall
Example: Algae and Amoeba
Kingdom Fungi
•
•
•
•
•
SOME Unicellular but MOSTLY Multicellular
Have a nucleus (EUKARYOTIC)
Have cell organelles
Have cell walls containing CHITIN
Examples: Yeast and mushrooms
Kingdom Plantae
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Multicellular
Have a nucleus (EUKARYOTIC)
Have cell organelles
Have a cell membrane
Have a cell wall CONTAINING CELLULOSE
Producers (AUTOTROPHS)
Examples: Pine trees, dogwood trees
Kingdom Animalia
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Have a nucleus (EUKARYOTES)
Multicellular
Have cell organelles
No cell walls
Have cell membrane
Consumers (HETEROTROPHS)
Examples: Frog, starfish, eagle
RULES
For Writing Scientific Names
•
•
•
•
Binomial Nomenclature
Uses two Latin Words
First word (Genus) starts with upper case letter
Second word (Species) starts with lower case
letter
• Must be italicized or underlined
• Example: Quercus rubra (Red Oak)