Achieving Wellness
Achieving personal health
What do I need to know/be able to do?

Define “health” as described by the World Health Organization

Describe models of health

List & Describe the 6 dimension of wellness

List 3 health behaviors responsible for more of the actual causes of death

Define lifestyle disease

ID goals of Healthy People 2020

List & describe major health issues of college students
Definition of Health
“The state of complete
physical, mental, and social
well being and not merely
the absence of disease and
infirmity.”
- World Health Organization
Is health static or dynamic?

Dynamic

Health is a process

Health is a way of life

Health is not something suddenly achieved like a getting a degree
How is health similar to retirement?

You have to plan for it

Pay attention to it while young

Putting away a few dollars every month while young add up to an enormous
sum in 50 years.

Making small positive changes in your health & lifestyle now will pay
enormous dividends in the future
Homeostasis & Health

The tendency for body systems to interact in ways that maintain a constant
physiological state

When you are well, body systems function harmoniously.

Western medicine disease may be regarded as the disruption of homeostasis
Yin- Yang
•
Symbol representing
opposing &
complementary forces in
the universal energy
called “chi”
•
Treatment of diseases is to
reestablish harmony of
mind & body

Yin – dark, negative, quiet, receptive,
having the nature of earth

Yang- light, positive, creative, full of
movement, having the nature of
heaven
Qi Gong & T’ai chi

2 Chinese mind body methods practiced by North Americans

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z9fRvg3y490 (Qi Gong with Doctor)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7MSHOulBZNs (activity)
Models of Health

Medical Model

health is the absence of 1 or more of the 5 D’s


Environmental Model


Death – Disease – Discomfort – Disability - Dissatisfaction
Analyses of ecosystems & environmental ristks to health such as socioeconomic
status, education & environmental factors
Holistic Model

unity of mind, spirit & body through physicoligcal, mental, emotional, social,
spiritual & environmental aspects of health
The Medical Model

Illness is interpreted in terms of malfunction of organs, cells and body
systems
The Environmental Model

Illness is interpreted as disharmony of human & environmental interactions.

Similar to ancient Asian & Native American philosophies that associate health
with harmonious interactions with creatures & the environment.

As environment changes, so too does the individual in order to remain in
harmony with it.
The Holistic Model

Illness is viewed as an imbalance in a person’s total state of being & not
simply a malfunction of a particular part of the body
Dimensions of Health & Wellness

Emotional

Intellectual

Spiritual

Occupational

Social

physical
Our Lifestyles are killing us


10 leading causes of death for all ages, races & sexes
1900
Tuberculosis
1987
Heart disease
2010
Heart disease
Pneumonia
Diarrhea & enteritis
Cancer
Stroke
Heart disease
Injuries
Liver disease
Bronchitis & emphysema
Cancer
Chronic lower respiratory
diseases
(emphysema/bronchitis)
Stroke/disease of the brain
blood vessels
Accidents
Injuries
stroke
Cancer
Bronchitis
diphtheria
Pneumonia & influenza
Diabetes
Suicide
Chronic liver disease
arteriosclerosis
Alzheimer’s disease
Diabetes (mostly type 2)
Kidney disease
Flu & pneumonia
suicide
Source: CDC&Prevention, US National Vital Statistics Reports, 1/11/2012
Lifestyle Disease

Type 2 Diabetes

Nearsightedness

Tobacco use

Alcohol use & the accidents/injuries caused by overuse
Chronic Diseases Vary by Country

Refer to hand out
Healthy People 2020 Overarching Goals

Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury,
and premature death.

Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all
groups.

Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.

Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all
life stages
Health issues of College Students

Stress

Sleep difficulties

Anxiety

Cold/flu/sore throat

Depression

Relationship difficulties

Upper respiratory infections


alcohol use
allergies
Making Healthy Changes

Health Behavior Model

The Transtheoretical Model

The Theory of Reasoned Action/Theory of Planned Behavior
The Health Belief Mode of change

Originally developed as aa systematic method to explain & predict
preventative health behavior

Been revised to include general health motivation for the purpose of
distinguishing illness & sick role behavior from healthy behavior.

Key aspects: Perceived:

Susceptibility

Seriousness

Benefits of taking action

Barriers to taking action

Cues to action
The Transtheoretical Model of change
aka Process of Change Model

Most influential model

Change occurs through stages

Pre-contemplation

Contemplation

Preparation

Action

Maintenance

termination
The Theory of Reasoned Action/Theory
of Planned Behavior for change

Change begins with an intention to adopt a new behavior

Intention = positive attitude about changing & perceived reactions of others to new
behavior
It Starts With You


Which systems can help you be healthy - to some degree?

Medical community

Insurance

Government
Only YOU can make the change for YOU
4 lifestyle practices that
reduce risk of chronic diseases

No smoking

BMI of 30 or less

3.5 hours of physical activity/week – 30-45 min/day

Diet of fruit/vegies, whole grain bread, little meat
Be prepared for the test….

6 dimensions of wellness

3 models of health

Major health issues of college students

Identify lifestyle disease

health behaviors responsible for causes of death

3 theories of health behavior change