ChemCom 1st Semester Study Guide
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
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____
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____
1. Which of the following observations would predict a physical change?
a. rusting of a nail
c. emission of a gas
b. ignition of paper
d. evaporation of water
2. Which of these is a chemical property?
a. resistance to corrosion
c. boiling point
b. malleability
d. solubility in water
3. Properties such as melting point, density, and electrical conductivity are examples of
a. chemical properties
c. physical properties
b. nuclear properties
d. electrical properties
4. All of the following properties are physical properties of a substance except
a. boiling point
c. malleability
b. hardness
d. combustibility
5. What two measurements of a substance make up the substance's density value?
a. mass and weight
c. mass and volume
b. volume and pressure
d. temperature and mass
6. A physical property of a substance
a. can be determined without changing the identity of the substance
b. depends on the way a substance reacts
c. is a property that helps support life
d. involves breaking the chemical bonds that hold compounds together
7. A change in which bonds are broken and new bonds are formed, resulting in new substances being produced
is called
a. a phase change
c. a chemical change
b. a nuclear change
d. a physical change
8. Which of these observations is evidence of a chemical change?
a. A drink mix dissolves in water.
b. Bubbles of a gas explode when ignited.
c. Rubbing alcohol evaporates from a surface.
d. A pop can is crushed by a hammer.
9. All of the following are chemical changes except
a. Wood burns in a fireplace
c. Mold "grows" on cheese.
b. A glass of milk becomes sour.
d. Sugar dissolves in water.
10. Which of these is a chemical change?
a. Tomato juice is made from ripe tomatoes.
b. A pencil is sharpened.
c. A brass doorknob tarnishes.
d. Friction wears away the tread on a tire after driving it many miles.
11. The following statement contains five numbered properties of chlorine:
Chlorine is a yellow gas (1) that is more dense than air (2). It forms hydrochloric acid when breathed into the
lungs (3) and kills bacteria (4) when dissolved in water (5).
How many of the five properties in the statement are physical properties?
a. 1
b. 2
____ 12.
____ 13.
____ 14.
____ 15.
____ 16.
____ 17.
____ 18.
____ 19.
____ 20.
____ 21.
____ 22.
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
Fact 1: Iron has a silvery color.
Fact 2: Iron turns a dull red color after it is exposed to oxygen.
The first fact describes a ______, and the second fact describes a _______.
a. physical change; physical property
b. chemical change; chemical property
c. physical property; chemical change
d. physical property; physical property
e. physical property; physical change
Which of these characteristics is a chemical property?
a. harder than a penny
c. floats in water
b. shiny silver luster
d. reacts with HCl(aq)
A chemical change occurs when
a. ice melts
c. silver tarnishes
b. copper bends
d. propane vaporizes
Corrosion of aluminum is what type of change?
a. chemical change
c. nuclear change
b. physical change
d. biological change
Which statement describes a change that is both physical and chemical?
a. Condensation forming on a cold glass of iced tea and the water running down the side of
the glass.
b. Molten lava erupting from a volcano and flowing into the ocean.
c. The candle wax melting, being drawn up the wick, and burning.
d. Shredded aluminum cans are compressed into a block for recycling.
Which change represents a chemical change?
a. boiling soup
c. burning butane
b. cutting wood
d. dissolving sugar
Which change represents a physical change?
a. melting aluminum
c. frying an egg
b. rusting nail
d. burning coal
Pennies made after the year 1982 have the highest content of which element?
a. Copper
b. Iron
c. Aluminum
d. Zinc
e. Lead
The chemical formula for baking soda is NaHCO3. The subscript "3" in this formula means three
a. atoms of oxygen
c. molecules of carbon dioxide
b. atoms of carbon
d. molecules of baking soda
The substances that are present before a chemical reaction takes place are called
a. an equation
c. the products
b. the reactants
d. the electrons
Use the following balanced equation to answer the following question.
Substance
2 KBr + 2 H2SO4 + MnO2  K2SO4 + MnSO4 + 2 H2O + Br2
A
B
C
D
E
The number 4 in the formula of substance C is called
a. a coefficient
c. an exponent
b. a subscript
d. a scientific notation
____ 23. Use the following balanced equation to answer the following question.
____ 24.
____ 25.
____ 26.
____ 27.
____ 28.
____ 29.
____ 30.
____ 31.
____ 32.
____ 33.
____ 34.
____ 35.
2 KBr + 2 H2SO4 + MnO2  K2SO4 + MnSO4 + 2 H2O + Br2
Substance
A
B
C
D
E
The number 2 in the formula of substance A is called
a. a coefficient
c. an exponent
b. a subscript
d. a scientific notation.
An atom is the smallest particle of
a. a compound
c. a proton
b. an element
d. an electron
Which term correctly describes Epsom salt which is also called magnesium sulfate?
a. element
c. mixture
b. compound
d. atom
Two or more elements that are bonded in a definite proportion form
a. a mixture
c. a colloid
b. a compound
d. a solution
Which two words are most closely related?
a. symbol and equation
b. symbol and compound
c. formula and reaction
d. formula and compound
e. equation and element
A particle made from two or more atoms bonded together is called
a. a molecule
c. an element
b. a compound
d. a mixture
Which substance is an example of a compound?
a. NO(g)
c. Na(s)
b. Ni(s)
d. Ne(g)
Which two terms for types of matter both identify substances?
a. elements and compounds
c. solutions and elements
b. compounds and solutions
d. Compounds and solids
Which list contains the names of elements and compounds, only?
a. air, water, oxygen, sodium chloride
c. chlorine, carbon dioxide, neon, water
b. carbon, seawater, aluminum, soil
d. gasoline, nitrogen, sand, algae
Which type of matter is chlorine (Cl2)?
a. compound
c. solution
b. element
d. solid
Which type of matter is propane(C3H8)?
a. compound
c. solution
b. element
d. atom
Which type of matter is methanol(CH3OH)?
a. compound
c. solution
b. element
d. solid
Which material is best classified as a compound?
a. water
c. sodium
____ 36.
____ 37.
____ 38.
____ 39.
____ 40.
b. oxygen
d. neon
Which of the following terms represents the identities and proportions of the elements in a compound?
a. symbol
c. equation
b. formula
d. notation
Which of these would correctly represent an element?
a. an equation
c. a symbol
b. a formula
d. an edition
Substances in a chemical reaction that exist after the reaction takes place are called the
a. reactants
c. protons
b. products
d. electrons
Given the balanced equation: FeO + CO  Fe + CO2
The reactants in the equation are
a. FeO and CO
c. Fe and CO2
b. FeO and CO2
d. Fe, c. and O
Which of the following models represents heptane (C4H10)?
Hydrogen
a.
Carbon
b.
c.
d.
____ 41. Given a model of Zinc metal below, what is the chemical formula?
a. Zn12
c. Zn
b. 12Zn
d. Zn12
____ 42. Objects that can be seen with your eyes are part of the ______ world.
a. Particulate
c. Symbolic
b. Macroscopic
d. Microscopic
____ 43. Atoms and molecules would be considered part of the ___________ world.
a. Particulate
c. Symbolic
b. Macroscopic
d. Visible
____ 44. Which of the following models represents O2?
a.
c.
b.
d.
____ 45. The two major categories of chemical elements are
a. metals and gases
c. atoms and ions
b. metals and nonmetals
d. solids and liquids
____ 46. Which property is characteristic of a solid nonmetal?
a. good conductor of heat
c. malleable
b. brittle
d. high density
____ 47. A substance that is a good conductor of heat, has luster, and is malleable, is best classified as a
a. nonmetal
c. metalloid
b. halogen
d. metal
____ 48. How many atoms of oxygen are shown in the formula, Al2(SO4)3?
a. 7
c. 4
b. 1
d. 12
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____ 49. Physical changes and chemical changes both involve changing substances into different substances.
____ 50. Given the following list of properties:
melting point, conductivity, bond type, luster, molecular composition, molar mass, hardness
This list includes both chemical and physical properties.
____ 51. Carbon dioxide is an element.
____ 52. The electrical conductivity of Nb3Sn at very low temperatures is a physical property of Nb3Sn.
Completion
Complete each statement.
53. For the post-1982 pennies, the copper coating on the zinc core preserves the traditional appearance of the
penny as well as protecting the zinc from ________________________.
54. Material that is composed of only one kind of atom is called a(an) __________________.
Matching
Match the following terms with the correct description.
a. A substance made of two or more elements that is physically inseparable.
b. Where the original substances of a chemical formula are written
c. Substances with only one kind of atom
d. The "glue" in molecules
e. Where formulas are written indicating newly formed substances
____ 55. Reactant side of a chemical reaction
____ 56. Chemical Bond
____ 57. Product side of a chemical reaction
____ 58. Compound
____ 59. Element
1. The Modern Periodic Law classifies elements according to:
A)
B)
C)
D)
Atomic numbers
Atomic masses
Boiling points
Melting points
2. Vertical columns of elements in the periodic table are called:
A)
B)
C)
D)
Periods
Groups
Triads
Octaves
3. In the periodic table, the most active metals are found
A)
B)
C)
D)
at the far left side
at the far right side
directly to the left of the step-like line
directly to the right of the step-like line
4. On the periodic table, the halogens are found in
A)
B)
C)
D)
Group 13
Group 17
Period 3
Period 4
5. On the periodic table, the period number indicates the number of
A) valence electrons for each element of the period
B) elements in the period
C) occupied electron shells of the elements in that period
E) electrons in that period’s last electron shell
6. Horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table are called:
A) Families
B) Triads
C) Periods
D) Octaves
Instructions: Classify the description as a chemical property or a physical property
7. Many metals are pure substances, reflect light and have a shiny luster.
A) Physical property
B) Chemical property
8. Metals are better conductors of heat and electricity than nonmetals.
A) Physical property
B) Chemical Property
9. A magnesium ribbon burns in oxygen.
A) Physical property
B) Chemical property
10. Metals can be drawn into thin wires.
A) Physical property
B) Chemical property
11. Silver becomes tarnished when exposed to air.
A) Physical property
B) Chemical property
12. The hardness of diamonds enables them to be used in drill bits.
A) Physical property
B) Chemical property
13. Iron will corrode or rust when exposed to moist air.
A) Physical property
B) Chemical property
Instructions: Determine which element is not in the same periodic table group as the others.
14. Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Magnesium
15. Neon, Argon, Hydrogen
A) Neon
B) Argon
C) Hydrogen
16. Oxygen, Arsenic, Sulfur
A) Oxygen
B) Arsenic
C) Sulfur
17. Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
A) Carbon
B) Nitrogen
C) Phosphorus
18. The two major categories of chemical elements are
A) metals and gases
B) metals and nonmetals
C) Atoms and ions
D) Solids and liquids
19. Which of these is a chemical property?
A)
B)
C)
D)
resistance to corrosion
malleability
boiling point
solubility in water
20. Which of these observations is evidence of a chemical change?
A) A drink mix dissolves in water.
B) Bubbles of a gas explode when ignited.
C) Rubbing alcohol evaporates from a surface.
D) A pop can is crushed by a hammer.
21. Which symbol represents a nonmetal?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Br
K
W
Hg
Fe
22. Which person developed the Periodic Table based on the properties of the elements?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Fritz Haber
John Dalton
Niels Bohr
Dimitri Mendeleev
23. Mendeleev’s table of the elements was organized by
A)
B)
C)
D)
atomic numbers
relative atomic masses
the element’s phases; solid, liquid, and gas
each element’s combining capacity with carbon
24. Which property is characteristic of a nonmetal?
A)
B)
C)
D)
good conductor of heat
brittle
malleable
high density
25. The modern periodic table is arranged on what basic property?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Atomic number
Atomic mass
Density
Phase
26. The repetition of similar properties at regular intervals when elements are arranged by
increasing atomic number is known as:
A)
B)
C)
D)
The law of Conservation of Matter
The Reactivity Law
The law of Chemical and Physical Change
The Periodic Law
27. Which symbol represents a metal element?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
B
He
Li
H
F
28. Which of the following statements about atomic number is false?
A)
B)
C)
D)
It is the whole number used to numerically order the elements.
It represents the number of protons.
It is the relative amount of mass of the element.
It equals the number of electrons when the element is a neutral atom.
29. The number of neutrons in the nucleus of a hydrogen-3 atom is ___________the
number of neutrons in the nucleus of a hydrogen-1 atom.
A) less than
B) greater than
C) the same as
30. Which change is a physical change?
A)
B)
C)
D)
melting aluminum
reducing copper ore
oxidizing iron
burning coal
31. Which of the following processes requires the least amount of energy?
A) Processing metal ore
B) Reusing a metallic article
C) Recycling a used metal article
32. A metal is usually obtained from its ore by a process called:
A)
B)
C)
D)
Melting
Casting
Oxidation
Reduction
33. Low grade ores are less desirable than high grade ores because they:
A)
B)
C)
D)
Are more difficult to mine
Yield less metal per ton of ore
Are scarcer than high grade ore
Cost less per ton of ore
34. Which part of our planet is the major “supply house” for the raw materials for
manufactured goods?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Lithosphere
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere
Thermosphere
35. Which statement about reduction is false?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Reduction is accompanied by oxidation.
Reduction involves the gaining of electrons.
Reduction is an increase in the oxidation number.
Reduction of minerals usually produces elemental metals.
36. Which of these factors are least important when deciding whether to mine a specific
ore over another?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The location of the mine.
The concentration of the ions of the metal in the ore.
The cost of processing the ore.
The ability of the metal to combine chemically with oxygen in the atmosphere.
37. Different forms of matter withdrawn from the natural environment to satisfy human
needs are called:
A)
B)
C)
D)
Infrastructure
By-products
Waste
Resources
38. Mineral resources are uniformly distributed throughout the earth.
A) True
B) False
39. Unequal distribution of mineral resources has been the cause of wars.
A) True
B) False
40. As nations consume materials, atoms of various elements become dispersed more
widely around the earth.
A) True
B) False
41. Metals can be obtained profitably from low concentration ores.
A) True
B) False
42. What happens to the electrons of a metal atom during oxidation?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Electrons are lost by the atom.
Electrons are gained by the atom.
The nucleus captures electrons.
The nucleus emits electrons.
43. Identify the biggest problem for the Statue of Liberty over its history.
A)
B)
C)
D)
Corrosion
Many lightning strikes
Too many visitors
Crumbling foundation
44. What property would best distinguish between a sample of lead and a sample of
magnesium?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Malleability
Phase (gas, liquid, solid)
Electrical conductivity
Reactivity
45. Substances that exist before a chemical reaction takes place are called
A)
B)
C)
D)
an equation
the reactants
the products
the electrons
46. In a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants is ________ the mass of the
product.
A) less than
B) greater than
C) equal to
47. The mass number of an atom is equal to the number of
A)
B)
C)
D)
protons, only
neutrons, only
protons + electrons
neutrons + protons
48. Which factor is most important in determining the feasibility of mining iron ore at a
specific site?
A) climate
B) site population
C) elevation
D) ore composition
49. Which ore refining process is necessary to reduce aluminum from the ore, bauxite?
A)
B)
C)
D)
electrometallurgy
pyrometallurgy
hydrometallurgy
isometallurgy
50. Which element is found uncombined in nature because it resists oxidation?
A)
B)
C)
D)
aluminum
calcium
platinum
strontium
51. When an atom loses electrons the atom undergoes
A)
B)
C)
D)
distillation
conduction
oxidation
substitution
52. Oxidation and reduction are processes that are most closely related to the transfer of
A)
B)
C)
D)
atoms
electrons
molecules
protons
53. The oxidation of aluminum occurs when the aluminum atoms gain electrons.
A) True
B) False
54. Reduction of meal ore involves the metal ions in the ore gaining electrons.
A) True
B) False
55. Which resource can only be obtained from the lithosphere?
A)
B)
C)
D)
water
oxygen
sodium chloride
calcium sulfate
56. The feasibility of mining a metal ore can be affected by the demand for the metal.
A) True
B) False
57. The environmental impact of mining a metal ore is insignificant.
A) True
B) False
58. Which metal is most reactive with oxygen?
A)
B)
C)
D)
copper
iron
nickel
zinc
59. The application of science in converting natural resources into goods and services to satisfy human needs
is called technology.
A) True
B) False
60. Coatings such as paints and varnishes are chemically bonded to the base material.
A)True
B) False
61. The metal alloy, brass has a hardness different than the hardness of copper.
A)True
B)False
62. The superconductivity of Nb3Sn at very low temperatures is a physical property of Nb3Sn.
A) True
B) False
63. A solid solution of zinc and copper atoms is called
A) a polymer
B) an ion exchange
C) a compound
D) an alloy
64. Sealing the surface of a metal by covering it with a non-reactive substance
prevents corrosion. What element in air that causes corrosion can no longer attack
the metal surface?
A) Helium
B) hydrogen
C) Oxygen
D) Nitrogen
65. Solid solution composed of the atoms of two or more metals are called
A) alloys
B) polymers
C) nonmetals
D) compounds
66. Pennies made after the year 1982 have the highest content of which element?
A) Copper
B) Iron
C) Aluminum
D) Zinc
E) Lead
67. Which of these is an example of an alloy?
A) Brass
B) Glass
C) Nylon
D) Wood
68. Pencil “lead” is really one allotrope of which element?
A) B
B) Pb
C) Hg
D) S
E) C
69. Technology:
A) Is the application of science
B) Has given us stainless steel and polyester fibers.
C) Is converting natural resources into goods and services to meet our needs.
D) Has given us laptop computers, space shuttles, and car air bags
E) All of these
70. Solid superconduting materials conduct electricity with almost no resistance at
A) low temperatures
B) high temperatures
C) low pressures
D) high pressures
71. Which mixture is a superconductin material at very low temperatures?
A) Cu3Zn2 (s)
B) Nb3Sn (s)
C) Na2CO3 (aq)
D) AgNO3 (aq)
72. An electroplating cell differs from a voltaic cell because the electroplating cell
requires
A) an anode
B) a voltmeter
C) an external power source
D) a solution containing ions
73. In an electroplating cell, the object to be plated should be the
A) anode that is positive
B) anode that is negative
C) cathode that is positive
D) cathode that is negative
74. Which element cannot be electroplated on the surface of a sheet of brass?
A)
B)
C)
D)
gold
sulfur
silver
chromium
75. An metal alloy is best described as
A) a solid compound
B) a liquid element
C) a solid solution
E) a liquid colloid
76. An alloy of copper and zinc has the melting point
A)
B)
C)
D)
of copper, only
of zinc, only
both copper and zinc
specific for the alloy
77. The alloy of the elements, chromium and platinum is used on the edges of razor
blades because the alloy is
A) softer than the Cr and Pt
B) a better conductor of heat and electricity
C) a different color that the two elements, Cr and Pt
D) more resistant to corrosion than the rest of the razor blade
78. The alloy, stainless steel contains iron, carbon, manganese, and a trace of chromium.
Compared to iron alone, stainless steel is
A) easier to paint
B) harder to paint
C) less resistant to corrosion
E) more resistant to corrosion
79. Different forms of an element with different physical and chemical properties are
called
A)
B)
C)
D)
allotropes
colloids
homologs
isomers
80. Diamond, graphite, and soot are all allotropes of which element?
A)
B)
C)
D)
aluminum
carbon
platinum
zirconium
81. Buckminsterfullerene is a substance with round molecules made of 60 atoms that are
all the element
A) carbon
B) copper
C) iron
D) iodine
82. As the temperature of iron wire increases, the electrical conductivity of the iron wire
A) decreases
B) increases
C) remains the same
83. Which element is a semiconductor?
A)
B)
C)
D)
copper
calcium
silicon
sulfur
84. Approximately how many molecules thick is a “thin-film coating” such as the UV
protection on sunglass lenses?
A) 1-2
B) 100-200
C) 2000-4000
E) more than 10 000 000
85. In a fractionating tower, the viscous liquids that do not vaporize are called
A)
B)
C)
D)
waste gases
residues
heavy distillates
gasoline and fuels
86. Hydrocarbon boiling points
A)
B)
C)
D)
increase as the number of carbon atoms per molecule increases
decrease as the number of carbon atoms per molecule increases
are unrelated to the number of carbon atoms per molecule
increase as the number of carbon atoms per molecule decreases
87. Intermolecular forces are strongest in petroleum’s
A)
B)
C)
D)
gaseous fraction
light distillates
heavy distillates
residues
88. How many carbon atoms per molecule are found in the gasoline fraction of petroleum.
A)
B)
C)
D)
1-4
5-12
13-18
17 or more
89. Which pair of hydrocarbons will have the most similar properties?
A)
B)
C)
D)
methane and ethane
ethane and octane
ethane and butane
propane and cyclohexane
90. Which situation would not result from an embargo of foreign oil?
A)
B)
C)
D)
an increase in the cost of gasoline
the rationing of gasoline
an increase in production at oil refineries
lower thermostat settings in public buildings
91. Structural formulas best represent
A)
B)
C)
D)
the relative number of atoms in a molecule
the kind of atoms found in each molecule
the bonding pattern of the atoms in a molecule
the number of ions in a formula
92. Fractional distillation is based on the fact that substances found in crude oil
A)
B)
C)
D)
have different boiling points
are used in petrochemicals
burn in oxygen
are less dense than water
93. All organic compounds contain the element
A)
B)
C)
D)
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
94. The chemical name for C3H8 is
A)
B)
C)
D)
butane
butyne
propane
propene
95. The best way to separate a mixture of ethylene glycol and ethanol would be
A)
B)
C)
D)
osmosis
filatration
charcoal absorption
distillation
96. The separation that occurs during a distillation is based on what property of the substances?
A)
B)
C)
D)
melting points
boiling points
volumes
densities
97. At what level in a fractioning tower would you expect to remove the fraction with the
highest boiling point?
A) Top
B) Middle
C) Bottom
98. Which statement is true about petroleum resources and use?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The Unites States consumes more petroleum than it produces.
Petroleum reserves are uniformly distributed throughout the world.
Petroleum is used much more for building new products than as a fuel source.
The use of petroleum is decreasing at a rapid rate.
99. Which country is most likely to have petroleum trade agreement with the U.S.?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Belgium
France
Russia
Venezuela
100. Distillation is a process that separates substances based on
A)
B)
C)
D)
boiling point
melting point
solubility
density
101. Water and butanol can be separated by distillation due to their differences in
A) molecular formulas
B) empirical formulas
C) molecular polarity
D) specific gravity
102. The process to separate two or more liquids based on differences in boiling points is called
A)
B)
C)
D)
filtration
crystallization
distillation
precipitation
103. Nitrogen and oxygen in the air can be separated by distillation.
A) True
B) False
104. Petroleum is separated into its components for use as fuel and other petrochemicals using
A)
B)
C)
D)
a centrifuge
chromatography
precipitation
fractional distillation
105. The residues (bottoms) from fractional distillation have no practical use.
A) True
B) False
Unit 3, Section C Study Guide
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. Which description is an example of kinetic energy?
a. A car is at rest at the bottom of a hill.
c. A book is lying on a table.
b. A car is at rest at the top of a hill.
d. A book is falling.
____
2. What is the name of the energy that is stored in fuels such as gasoline?
a. electrical energy
c. kinetic energy
b. thermal energy
d. potential energy
____
3. Which description is an example of potential energy?
a. a car rolling down a hill
c. a runner sprinting to the finish line
b. waves crashing against the shore
d. a large tank of diesel fuel
____
4. A potential energy diagram is most often used to represent the energy changes for
a. the melting of a solid
c. a chemical reaction
b. the boiling of a liquid
d. a physical change
____
5. The energy from petroleum fuels was stored long ago as potential energy "gathered" by plants from the
a. soil
c. sun
b. rain
d. birds
6. The burning of a fuel, such as propane
a. releases energy
c. is endothermic
b. destroys atoms
d. only breaks bonds
7. The energy released from burning a fuel like gasoline comes from
a. breaking the bonds in the gasoline molecules
b. spark plugs in the engine
c. the bonds that are formed in the products of the reaction
d. polymers that are formed when gasoline burns
8. Which process is exothermic?
a. bond formation, only
b. bond breaking, only
c. both bond formation and bond breaking
d. neither bond formation nor bond breaking
9. Compared to the energy released in the formation of the products of an endothermic reaction, the energy
required to break the bonds in the reactants in that endothermic reaction is
a. less
c. the same
b. greater
____
____
____
____
Figure 3C-1
Substance A  Substance Z
____ 10. (Use Figure 3C-1.) The reactants in this reaction would have the potential energy indicated at
a. A
c. Z
b. X
____ 11. (Use Figure 3C-1.) The potential energy represented at point X on the diagram is the
a. activation energy of the reaction
c. potential energy of the products
____ 12.
____ 13.
____ 14.
____ 15.
____ 16.
____ 17.
____ 18.
____ 19.
____ 20.
____ 21.
____ 22.
____ 23.
____ 24.
b. energy of fusion of the reaction
d. potential energy of the reactants
(Use Figure 3C-1.) Based on the graph, this reaction is
a. endothermic
b. exothermic
A student heated water using 3 different energy sources for 3 minutes each. Which of the following would be
the “best” energy source?
a. Source 1: Raised the temperature of water 20C.
b. Source 2: Raised the temperature of water 0.5C.
c. Source 3: Raised the temperature of water 9.5C.
d. Source 4: Raised the temperature of water 35.5C.
A 100-gram sample of metal will heat up faster than 100 grams of water. Compared to the specific heat
capacity of water, the specific heat capacity of metal is
a. lower
c. the same
b. higher
Which gas below is one product of the combustion of propane?
a. CO2
c. O2
b. NH3
d. H2
A teacher wants to make iced tea for her students. The teacher wants to put 2 ice cubes in each cup. The
teacher has 12 cups and 20 ice cubes. What is the limiting reactant in making the ice tea for her students?
a. ice cubes
c. tea
b. cups
d. none of the above
Incomplete combustion occurs when
a. the hydrocarbon fuel is the limiting reactant.
b. the oxygen gas is the limiting reactant.
c. the carbon dioxide gas produced is the limiting reactant.
d. the water that is produced is the limiting reactant.
When there is not enough supply of oxygen to completely react with a hydrocarbon fuel what are possible
side products that can be produced other than CO2 and H2O ?
a. C and CH4
c. CH4 and CO
b. C and CO
d. CO and H2
Heat of combustion is the energy from a reaction that involves
a. reducing metal ions to metal atoms
c. decomposing a salt
b. neutralizing an acid with a base
d. burning a fuel
If more CO2 is added to the atmosphere than can be removed by natural processes, the concentration of CO2
will
a. increase
c. remain the same
b. decrease
Which of the following is not a chemical reservoir of carbon atoms.
a. CO2
c. NO2
b. CaCO3
d. CH4
All movement of carbon within the carbon cycle, along any path, requires which of the following?
a. input of energy only
c. input of energy or release of energy
b. release of energy only
d. neither energy or release of energy
Where is the largest amount of Earth’s carbon located?
a. in human cells and bones
c. in fossils and carbonate rocks
b. in CO2 dissolved in the oceans
d. in living animals and plants
If more CO2 is added to the atmosphere what effect will this have on the Earth’s temperature?
a. increase
c. remain the same
b. decrease
Figure 3C-2
____ 25. (Use Figure 3C-2.) What claim can you make based on the graph above?
a. As time increased the amount of carbon dioxide levels decrease.
b. As time increases the amount of carbon dioxide levels remain the same.
c. As time increases the amount of carbon dioxide levels increases.
d. As time increases the amount of carbon dioxide levels fluctuate up and down.
____ 26. (Use Figure 3C-2.) Approximate the difference in carbon dioxide levels from the year 2000 to the year 1990,
in ppm.
a. 10 ppm
c. 120 ppm
b. 70 ppm
d. 300 ppm
____ 27. (Use Figure 3C-2.) Based on the graph above, which of the following is a good estimate of the amount of CO2
in the atmosphere in the year 2050?
a. 250 ppm
c. 350 ppm
b. 300 ppm
d. 400 ppm
____ 28. Which process does not increase the quantity of CO2 in the atmosphere?
a. burning fossil fuels
c. clearing forests
b. converting limestone into concrete
d. making electricity on wind farms
____ 29. All of the following increase CO2 levels except
a. clearing forests of vegetation
c. burning fossil fuels
b. burning off clearings and scrap lumber
d. daytime photosynthesis
____ 30. What is the name of the protocol that aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?
a. Greenhouse
c. Kyoto
b. Carbon
d. Climate
____ 31. The spiraling-up effect which is due to water in relationship to the global climate change is called
_____________________________.
a. runaway greenhouse effect
c. backwards greenhouse effect
b. escape greenhouse effect
d. forward greenhouse effect
____ 32. Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas produced by human activity?
a. CO2
c. N2O
b. NH3
d. CH4
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____ 33. A 5-kilogram mass is lifted 3 meters above the floor and dropped. The kinetic energy of the mass when it hits
the floor is equal to the potential energy it gained as it was lifted.
____ 34. Kinetic energy is energy that is stored in chemical bonds.
____ 35. Wind is an example of kinetic energy.
____ 36. All chemical reactions create energy.
____ 37. The potential energy of the reactants in a combustion reaction is equal to the energy released by the
combustion plus the potential energies of the reaction products.
____ 38. When atoms bond to form molecules, energy is released.
____ 39. The potential energy changes in a chemical reaction are best shown on a phase diagram.
____ 40. The physical process of bringing water to a boil is endothermic.
Completion
Complete each statement.
41. The energy stored in the chemical bonds of a compound such as propane is ______________ energy.
42. Energy of motion or energy in use is called ____________ energy.
43. In a wind-up toy car, the spring unwinds as the car moves across the floor. The potential energy of the spring
is changed into ____________ energy.
44. In chemical reactions, “Energy cannot be created or destroyed” is the Law of ________________________.
45. When bonding atoms form molecules, energy is _____________.
46. The energy changes that occur in a chemical reaction can be represented by a ______________ diagram.