BIOL 1441-030 Wed 11:00 – 12:50 LS 200
BIOL 1441-033 Thu 3:00 – 4:50 LS 207
BIOL 1441-037 Fri 11:00 – 12:50 LS 200
Heath Blackmon
LS 459
Office Hours:
10:30-12:00 Tue and Thu
heath.blackmon@mavs.uta.edu
Macromolecules
Diverse molecules that serve a
variety of purposes in living
organisms
CARBOHYDRATES
LIPIDS
PROTEINS
NUCLEIC ACIDS*
Carbohydrates
• Made of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
• Monosaccharide
– Glucose, fructose, ribose
• Disaccharide
– Lactose, Sucrose
• Polysaccharide
– “Many Sugars”
Carbohydrates
• Polysaccharides
– Starch
• Glucose storage
– Glycogen
• Glucose storage
– Cellulose
• structural
Carbohydrates
• How do you break up large sugars?
– Hydrolysis
• With use of enzymes, break down complex starches to
glucose, in presence of water.
• Ex: Seed growth, beer production
Lipids
• Made of Carbon and Hydrogen
• Insoluble in water
• Ex: Oils, fats
– Found in plants and animals
Proteins
• Made of tightly bound Amino Acids
– Peptide bonds
• Structure
– Primary
– Secondary
– Tertiary
– Quaternary
Tests to be performed today
Sugar, Starch, Lipid, Protein
Sugar Test
• Benedict’s Reagent
– Glucose vs. Sucrose
– Tests for presence of simple sugars
(monosacchride)
– Record results
Starch Test
• Iodine Reagent (iodine potassium iodide)
– Mix with potato starch in test tube
– Record results
Hydrolysis
• Breaking up sugars with water and acid
• Test samples with Benedict's test and Iodine
test
• Record results
Lipid Test
• Brown Paper test
• Record Results
Protein Test
• Biuret reagent – protein indicator
• Albumin – Egg protein
• Record Results
Macromolecules in Food
•
Separation of Butter
– Lipid Layer and Protein Layer of butter
– Perform tests on the two layers and regular
butter
• Tests with food
– Perform the tests on Banana, Coconut, Milk,
Peanut, and Potato
Lab Manual 52-75
Conversions and Scientific Notation
Difference between a monosachride and disachride
Monosachrides are simple sugars
Disachrides have two simple sugars joined together
Carbohydrates are long chains of sugars
Lab Manual pp 52-75
An example of a way that we use macromolecules:
Lipids – cell membranes
Proteins – enzymes (hemoglobin)
Carbohydrates – energy storage
Nucleic Acids – DNA