Ancient Greek Culture Notes
Daily Life in Ancient Greece
 Largest _____________________ at the time
 Slavery was common
 Most people owned at least __________
 __________ Owned slaves worked on _____________ projects
 Most residents of Athens were not c__________
Economy
 Economy based on _______________ and ___________
 Grapes, veggies, fruit, sheep, milk, dairy products
 Exported ________________ and _________
 Imported ____________________ percent of grain
Family
 Husband, wife, children, slaves, other dependants
 _____________________ children was main goal
Women
 Women were _______________ from public life
 Had to have _____________ companion to leave house
 _____________ in house or supervise slaves who worked in home
 Could _________ own __________________ or other ________________ items
 Only worked outside home if poor
 Male guardians
 No _______________ education
Greek Religion
 Greek religion was fundamental to Greek society and is remembered today for the
______________ ______________ and Greek drama, which were part of religious
festivals
 Religion necessary to _________ ______________ of state
 ________________ major building in Greek cities
 ______________ chief gods lived on Mt. Olympus
Gods and Religion
 Spirits of most people went to ________________ ruled by god _________
 _______________ with prayers and gifts
 I gave to you, you will give to me
 ______________ to honor gods/goddesses
 ________________ festival 776 B.C.
 ________________ revealed future from gods
 Priest or priestess
 Apollo at Delphi most famous
Why are myths created?
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Greeks develop their own myths – _____________________ stories about _________
Greeks seek to understand ________________ of life through myths
Greeks attribute human qualities – love, __________, jealousy – to their ___________
Greek Gods
Zeus
 King of the gods, the ruler of Mount ________________, and god of the sky and thunder, in
Greek mythology. His symbols are the _________________, bull, eagle and the oak.
 He was married to the goddess Hera, although he was not very _______________.
 The Roman name for Zeus is ________________.
Poseidon
 God of the __________, as well as of __________ and, as "Earth-Shaker", of earthquakes.
 Roman name is _______________.
Hades
 The god of the ___________
 Hades was the ruler of the Greek Underworld (which itself is sometimes confusingly referred to
as "Hades" also). In mythology, he was the brother of _________ and _____________
 Roman Name is __________
Hestia
 Hestia is the Greek goddess of the hearth ________, hence presiding over domestic life.
 She swore a vow of eternal chastity.
Hera
 _____ and older __________ of Zeus. She also presided as goddess of marriage and
childbirth.
 Writers represented ________ as constantly being _____________ of Zeus's various
amorous affairs. She punished her rivals and their children, among both goddesses and
mortals, with implacable fury.
 Roman name is _________
Aries
 _________ of Zeus (king of the gods) and _______. Though often incorrectly referred to as
the Olympian god of war, he is more accurately the god of ____________ war, or bloodlust.
 Roman name is ______
Athena
 Goddess of ________________, specifically wisdom, weaving, crafts and the more
disciplined side of war (violence and bloodlust were Ares' domain).
 Was the patron goddess of Athens
 Roman name is _____________
Apollo
 Archer-god of ____________and healing, light, truth, archery and is a god of music and
poetry
 Frequently referred to as the god of the sun.
 Roman name is also __________
Aphrodite
 Goddess of _________ lust, beauty, and sexuality.
 Her Roman equivalent is the goddess _____________.
Hermes
 Hermes is the _________________ from the gods to humans
 Roman name is __________________
Artemis
 Virgin goddess of the ____________ and the wild. .
 She was the twin sister of Apollo
 Roman name was _______________
Pandora
 Pandora ("all gifted") was the first ___________
Greek Theater
 The Greeks began the practice of performing ________ in outdoor amphitheatres.
 Theatre began as a festival worshipping _____________, the god of wine and fertility, but
evolved into the art form we are familiar with today.
 A group of _____________, called the ________________, stood on stage and talked
about what was happening in the play.
 Only ____________ were allowed to be actors.
 The actors wore large _____________, perhaps with amplification devices in them, perhaps
so that it was easy to tell the emotion of the actor by looking at their mask.
 ____________ and ______________ were the two areas of Greek theatre
Classical Greek Arts and Literature
 Greece produced groundbreaking art and literature that is still considered relevant.
 Based on ____________, no longer practiced
 Passed down by ____________________
 Human being object of great beauty
Architecture and Sculpture
 Temple most important
 Originally made of wood, 5th century B.C. marble
 _______________ structures
 Parthenon
 Built 447-432 B.C.
 God Athena
 Calmness, clarity, and freedom from unnecessary detail.
 Sculpture: human ____________ figure
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Important Greek Buildings
 The Acropolis, the Propylaea, the Temple of Athena Nike, the Parthenon, and the Erectheum
Influence on the World
 Greek architecture had a lasting impact on the world.
 The _________________adopted it as an ideal, but modified it to meet their practical
needs.