Population Pressures
Analyzing Global Population Patterns and Trends
100 People
A world portrait
• What does this portrait tell us about:
a) Global demographic patterns?
b) Social development?
c) Economic development?
http://www.cbc.ca/strombo/world/infographicif-the-world-was-100-people.html
7 Billion
• Revisit the short National Geographic clip in
your group and answer the following
questions:
a) What was the world’s population in 1800?
1960? What factors might account for this
explosion?
b) What is the population projection for 2045?
c) What does this video reveal about the
distribution of Earth’s resources?
Carrying Capacity
Carrying Capacity:
• If everyone in the world lived like the average
Canadian, we would need 4.5 planet earths!
Carrying Capacity
Carrying Capacity and Technology
• CC is not a fixed number – Varies from 2.2 billion
to 40 billion. Why?
• Vastly different levels of resource consumption
• Depends on stage of society. More advanced =
larger CC
STAGE 1: Hunting and Gathering
STAGE 2: Agricultural Revolution
STAGE 3: Industrial Revolution
STAGE 4: Technological Revolution?
Key Terms Revisited
•
Demography: the study of human populations
•
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Birth Rate: is the number of births per 1000 people in a country
Birth Rate = (Births ÷ Population) x 1000
•
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Death Rate: is the number of deaths per 1000 people in a country
Death Rate = (Deaths ÷ Population) x 1000
•
Infant Mortality Rate: is the number of children who die in their first year of life for
every 1000 live births in a country
Infant Mortality Rate = (Infant death ÷ Total Live Births) x 1000
•
•
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Natural Increase Rate: the rate at which a population increases or decreases per
year based ONLY on the death rate and birth rate – does not account for
immigration
Natural Increase Rate = (Births – Deaths) ÷ Total Population x 100
Population Growth Rate
• Population Growth Rate:
rate at which a
population increases or
decreases in a given year
through natural increase
and net migration
• Population Growth Rate =
Natural increase rate +
Net Migration Rate
• Canada’s Population
Growth Rate is 1.1%,
India’s is 1.3%, Japan’s 0.1%
Immigration/Emigration:
•
•
•
•
What’s the difference?
Immigration is entering a foreign country
Emigration is leaving one country for another
Net Migration is the difference between the
number of immigrants coming in and emigrants
leaving an area in a period of time
– Displayed as ppl per 1,000 inhabitants
– A positive value represents more people entering the
country than leaving it, while a negative value mean
more people leaving than entering it
Emigration and Immigration
• Emigration Rate
(Emigrants ÷ Total
Population) x 1000
• Immigration Rate:
(Immigrants ÷ Total
Population) x 1000
• Net Migration Rate =
(Immigrants –
Emigrants) ÷ Total
Population x 1000
Dependants
• Dependency Load is
defined as the number of
people in a population
that are under 15 or over
65
• Often people >15 or <65
dependent on the rest of
the population
economically
• Dependency Load =
(Population under 15 +
Population over 65) ÷
Total Population x 100
Global Patterns and Trends
Work with a partner and complete the questions using
the links and Online sources:
1.
Identify the top 10 most populated countries in 2013.
What are the population projections for these countries in 2050?
2a) Examine a map online regarding population density. Considering
your answer for #1, what geo-spatial patterns do you notice about
global population growth?
b) What factors might account for high levels of growth? Low levels of
growth?
3. Examine the data from the US Population Bureau. Calculate the
population increase (in raw numbers) from 2012 to the projections for
2050 for the top 5 countries.
DENSITIES
• Arithmetic density: The total number of
people / area of land (measured in km2 or sq
miles).
• Physiological density: The total population /
area of arable land.
• Agricultural density: The total rural
population / area of arable land
Density
Global Patterns and Trends
4a. Using the World Bank data, identify the region of the
world that has the highest levels of population growth.
b. Does this finding surprise you? Why or why not?
5. Which regions have the lowest levels of growth? What
might explain this pattern?
Population Pyramids
3 Main Types
* Expansive
* Declining (constrictive)
* Stable/Near Stationary
UN Projections
Demographic Transition Model
FIND It!
• Which countries are in each of the DTM
stages?