GCSE LEVEL PE
Lesson 17 & 18
A healthy active lifestyle and your Skeletal system
Skeletal System 1
Role and function of the skeleton
Joints & Movements
CONNECTOR

Label the bones
sheet including
vertebrae column
CONNECTOR EXTENSION

1.
2.
3.
4.
Answer the following questions;
What do you think is the most important
function of the skeleton? Why?
What is a joint?
What are the different types of movement that
can occur at the joints?
Can you think of any injuries that might
happen to the bones and joints when taking
part in sport?
KEY WORDS
 Movement
 Support
 Protection
 Synovial
 Fixed
 Tendon
 Ligament
 Cartilage
BIG PICTURE
 You
will be able to identify the functions of
the bones and the skeleton, looking at bone
growth and the role of the skeleton in
sporting activities.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
All student will be able to identify the 18 key bones
of the body.
 All students will know the 3 functions of the skeletal
system give sporting examples of the functions of the
skeletal system over a variety of sporting contexts.
 All students will be able to identify the structure of
synovial joints.
 Most will be able to identify the range of movements
possible at a two different synovial joints giving
examples within a sporting context.

TASK 1


Get into a group of 3.
You have 7 minutes to identify the 3 functions of
the skeletal system & be able to explain the
functions. (Page 152)
Extension
 Give different sporting example of the different
functions of the skeletal system.
 Use a variety of sport to demonstrate your
knowledge.
MINI REVIEW

Functions of the skeletal system;
Movement
 Support
 Protection


Review with the group next to you sporting
examples over a range of sports for the above.
STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF A JOINT
Answer the following questions & complete the
extension task if possible.
 What is the definition of a joint?



A place where two or more bones meet.
What is the function of a synovial joint?

To create movement.
Extension


Can you identify two different classifications of joints other
than synovial joints?
Can you give examples of these joints?
FREELY MOVABLE OR SYNOVIAL JOINTS
90% of the joints in the body are
synovial joints. They are freely
movable.
Synovial joints contain synovial
fluid which is retained inside a
pocket called the synovial
membrane. This lubricates or
‘oils’ the joint.
All the moving parts are held
together by ligaments.
These are highly mobile joints,
like the shoulder and knee.
Synovial
fluid
Synovial
membrane
Knee
SLIGHTLY MOVABLE JOINTS
bone
cartilage
bone
ligaments
Slightly movable joints are
sometimes called cartilaginous
joints.
The bones are separated by a
cushion of cartilage. The joints
between the vertebrae in the
spine are cartilaginous joints.
The bones can move a little bit,
but ligaments stop them moving
too far. This is why we can bend,
straighten and rotate through the
back, but not too far.
FIXED OR IMMOVABLE JOINTS
There are fewer than 10 immovable joints in the body.
They are sometimes called fibrous joints because the
bones are held together by tough fibres.
Immovable joints can be found
in the skull and pelvis, where
several bones have fused
together to form a rigid
structure.
TASK 2 - SYNOVIAL JOINTS

1.
2.
3.
With your partner identify the following
information.
Two main types of synovial joints of the body
which create movement.
Examples of the different types of joints.
The range of movements possible at the
different types of joints (review p156 if needed).
TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS
HINGE JOINTS
Hinge joints – as their name
suggests – only allow forwards
and backwards movement.
Type of movement possible at the
joint;
•Flexion
•Extension
Examples: The knee and elbow.
Elbow
TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS
BALL AND SOCKET JOINTS
In ball and socket joints, the
rounded end of one bone fits
inside a cup-shaped ending
on another bone.
Ball and socket joints allow movement
in all directions and also rotation.
The most mobile joints in the body are
ball and socket joints.
Type of movement possible at the joint;
•Flexion, Extension, Abduction,
Adduction & Rotation.
Examples: Shoulders and hips.
Hip
REVIEW


1.
2.
3.
4.
Face off challenge with your partner.
Can you identify the following?
3 functions of the skeleton

With examples within a sporting context
3 different classifications of joints?

With examples
Examples and range of movement of hinge joints

An example of this joint being used within a sporting
movement
Examples and range of movement of a ball and socket
joint

An example of this joint being used within a sporting
movement
HOMEWORK


Homework to be handed in.
To be completed for next theory lesson or you will
be attending H/W catch up club.