Stahl
Midterm Review 2012-2013
1
1.
What are the steps of the scientific method?
2.
Define hypothesis.
3.
What two words are always used with a hypothesis?
4.
Give an example of a hypothesis.
5.
Science always begins with ____________
6.
Give an example of an observation:
7.
What is data?
8.
What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?
9.
What is an inference?
10.
What is the difference between the manipulated or independent variable versus the dependent and controlled variable? Provide examples of each.
11.
What is the difference between a theory, scientific law, and hypothesis? Provide examples.
12.
After a scientist conducts an experiment what do you think they should do to make sure that there are no mistakes or bias?
13.
Why is peer review important in the science world?
14.
What is an atom?
15.
What are the three subatomic particles of an atom and their charges?
16.
What is an element and give an example?
17.
What are the two main types of chemical bonds?
18.
What is the difference between ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds?
19.
Why are water molecules polar?
20.
What is the difference between cohesion and adhesion?
21.
What is the difference between a solute and solvent? Give an example of each.
22.
Write a chemical equation and label the products and reactants?
23.
What is the difference between acids and bases?
24.
What are macromolecules?
25.
What are the four major macromolecules?
26.
Describe each macromolecule in full detail with examples.
27.
What is an enzyme and how do they affect reactions?
28.
What are three things that affect the way macromolecules work?
29.
Understand the enzyme substrate complex.
30.
What are the eight characteristics of living things?
31.
What are the three parts that make up the cell theory?
32.
Define: metabolism, homeostasis, stimulus, evolution, and reproduction.

Stahl
Midterm Review 2012-2013
2
33.
What are the eight levels of organization from smallest to largest? Provide an example for each.
34.
What are the three traits that are found in all cells?
35.
What are the three principles of the cell theory?
36.
Know the functions of all cell organelles. a.
Function of the ER b.
Which supplies energy to the cell. c.
Contains enzymes and breaks down old cell parts. d.
What happens inside the chloroplast?
37.
How do prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ? Be able to look at a picture and tell the difference.
38.
Be able to label and identify cell organelles. Both plants and animals.
39.
What are the main functions of the cell membrane and the cell wall?
40.
Know how to label the phospholipid Bilayer and all of its parts.
41.
What is the difference between intracellular and membrane (extracellular) receptors and where they occur?
42.
What is a protein called that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response to it?
43.
Do transport proteins play a role in both passive and active transport?
44.
Which process requires energy and which does not?
45.
Which organelle is involved in the process called endocytosis?
46.
Which process occurs when the vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents outside the cell?
47.
Know the parts and functions of the cell membrane.
48.
Explain the fluid mosaic model and what organelle is called what?
49.
Which cell organelle is most directly involved with the bonding of amino acids?
50.
Why are both lipids and carbohydrates important in animal cells?
51.
What does selectively permeable mean?
52.
The cell membrane is also called what?
53.
What are the two ways that things can move through the plasma membrane?
54.
Know the difference between passive and active transport.
55.
Define diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion.
56.
What is the difference between hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic? Provide examples and pictures.
57.
What does ATP stand for and why is it important?
58.
What would happen if our bodies did not have ATP?
59.
Why is active transport needed?
60.
Define endocytosis, exocytosis, phagocytosis, and pinocytosis.
61.
Know all current material.