Review for Ch9 Muscle Tissue
1. What are the three types of muscle tissue?
2. Distinguish between a muscle fiber, myofilaments and the sarcolemma.
3. What does excitability refer to in muscles?
4. What are two chemical stimuli that muscle responds to?
5. Define the following…contractility, extensibility and elasticity
6. Which type of muscle tissue can you control?
7. Which cant you control?
8. Why does a muscle need extensive capillary branching?
9. Know the 12 functions on page 146 of lab #18…we took it for a quiz if you remember.
10. Whats an insertion and an origin?
11. What does it mean that muscle act as a syncytium?what is the fluid in the muscle called…what
stores glycogen in the muscle and where is oxygen stored?
12. Where is Calcium stored?
13. Where does muscle get its striated look from?
14. Which bands in muscle are the dark bands and which are lightDuring a muscle contraction,
which zone becomes invisible?
15. The space between each successive Z-disk represents what?
16. What is the function of a Sacromere?
17. What is the name of the two myofilaments?
18. Which one of the above extends the longest along a muscle fiber?
19. What muscle structure/component rebounds the muscle shape after stretch and resists
excessive stretch?
20. Cross-bridges formed by myosin heads act as what to do what?
21. Where are the ATP binding sites located at?
22. What structure actually binds on the actin binding sites?
23. What protein blocks actin binding sites to prevent myosin heads from attaching?
24. What protein undergoes a conformational change to alter tropomyosin to uncover binding sites.
25. What metabolite affects troponin?
26. The change of charges along the sarcolemma refers to what?
27. Depolarization causes the release of what?
28. Why are pumps necessary in a muscle contraction as in Calcium signaling?
29. Depolarization of the motor neuron cause the release of?
30. What causes the depolarization of the sarcolemma?
31. What is the name of the gap between a muscle and a motor neuron?
32. What is a muscle twitch and how is it different from an isometric contraction
33. What is the latent period of a muscle contraction?
34. What measures a muscle contraction?
35. What do different muscle fibers do?
36. Do all muscles contract with the same amount of speed and force? Why?
37. What is muscle grading in terms of a contraction?
38. How can muscle contractions be graded?
39. Describe the different types of muscle contractions
40. What is the threshold stimulus for a muscle?
41. What is the all or none law?
42. What determines the level of muscle control ?
43. Asynchronous refers to?
44. Tetnus refers to?
45. In order to hydrolyze ATP you need what chemical?
46. What could lead to muscle fatigue metabolically? Obviously overuse is the cause so what does
overuse do metabolically?
47. What is oxygen debt and what could be done metabolically to overcome it?
48. What determines the force of muscle contractions?
49. Name the three types of muscle fibers.
50. Which fiber type lends itself to endurance/speed/intensity
51. Aerobic exercise produces what?
52. Weight training would target what fiber type to give you mass but whats the trade off?
Which graph represents summation then a good contraction.
Which graph represents summation, very little relaxation then tetnus?
Which graph represents repeated motor neuron stimulation with repeated contractions in
reponse?