METAMORPHIC
ROCKS
By: Franco Gaite
geotripperimages.com
met·a·mor·phic rocks

1 of three rock types

Rock undergone transformation

Densest rock type

Early 19th century

meta + morphē + ic
the-eo-scene.blogspot.com
meta·mor·phism
 Transformation
I
of rock nature
S
M
OR
 Pressure, heat & water
Clipartpanda.com
Parent rock

A.K.A. protolith

Any of the three types

Original un-metamorphosed rock

Bulk Chemical Composition
a.
P and T reached during metamorphosis
b.
Composition of fluid phase present
c.
The bulk chemical composition
Physicalgeography.net
METAMORPHIC GRADE
Geosci.ipfw.edu
Low grade metamorphism

Low pressure and temperature

Takes place between 200° C to 320° C

Characterized by abundance of hydrous minerals.
Sodahead.com
High grade metamorphism

Takes place somewhere higher than 320° C

Grade increases = less hydrous minerals

Mineral recrystallization
accidentlydelish.com
Contact metamorphism

Rocks around magma bodies

May or may not be accompanied by
deformation

Caused by heat transfer from
intruded magma
youtube.com
Regional metamorphism

Large area (mountain ranges)

Orogeny

Convergent zones

Intense heat and pressure
prezi.com
Heat

200° C

Transformed using available elements and
compounds

600° C to 1,200° C

Geothermal gradient ( T

Rising magma as a source of energy
D
)
breathcast.com
Geothermal gradient

Noun

Increasing T & P with increasing depth
Pressure

Weight of overlying objects

Reorientation of mineral crystals

Tectonic processes can affect
Confining pressure ( P
D
)
leblogdumanagementdeprojet..com
Water

Found in small amounts along with CO2

Between pores & crystals

ENHANCES metamorphism

Dissolves ions by chemical reactions

Creates new minerals from chemical ions
Uncle-grandpa.wikia.com
Foliated rocks

Mineral alignment or banding

Regional-Intense Pressure

Increasing metamorphic grade = intensity of
foliation increases

At higher grade, the rocks are coarser grained
1) Shale
2) Slate
3) Phyllite
4) Schist
5) Gneiss
TEMPERATURE & PRESSURE
Slate

Dark gray or red

Breaks into thin flat layers

Roofing and floor tiles
Wikipedia.org
Phyllite

Layers aren’t flat

Wave-like pattern

Silky appearance
virtualmicroscope.org
Schist

Distinct sparkle

Mica crystals

Garnet crystals or staurolite crystals = bumpy surface
Wikipedia.org
Gneiss

Highly metamorphosed

Almost a granite

Lenses of feldspar

Ribon-like pattern
squarespace.com
Non-foliated

Form through Contact metamorphism

Dependent on the precursor’s composition

Identified on the basis of composition

No mineral alignment

Monomineralic
Marble

Metamorphosed limestone

Recrystallized

Color & texture

White to Pink to Brown and Black
ebay.com
Quartzite

Metamorphosed sandstone

Grains are tightly cemented

If quartzite is broken in half,
It also cuts the individual sand
grains
geology.about.com
Serpentine

Olivine

Pyroxene

Light green to dark green

Veins and fractures
earthphysicsteaching.homestead.com
Hornfel

Dark shale

Siltstone

Basalt

Light gray to dark black
wikimedia.com
RESEARCH REFERENCES

https://www.bgs.ac.uk/scmr/docs/papers/paper_2.pdf

http://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/eens212/typesmetamorph.htm

https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=low+grade+metamorphism&oq=Low+
grade+meta&aqs=chrome.2.0j69i57j0l4.6383j0j7&sourceid=chrome&es_sm
=93&ie=UTF-8

http://skywalker.cochise.edu/wellerr/GLG101/GLG101-metamorphicrocks.htm

http://www.geosci.ipfw.edu/PhysSys/Unit_4/metam.html

http://www.ck12.org/user:bWlyYW5kYS5rdXJiaW5Abmtjc2Nob29scy5vcmc./
book/NKCS-6th-Grade-Science-Rocks-Minerals/section/5.0/

http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/10g.html

http://www.mineralogy4kids.org/rock-cycle/metamorphic-rocks

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kRUwchlza88
PICTURE REFERENCES

https://prezi.com/n1ucheceduna/plate-tectonics/

http://www.mineralogy4kids.org/rock-cycle/metamorphic-rocks

http://geotripperimages.com/Tectonic_Processes/Unconformities.htm

http://the-eo-scene.blogspot.com/2013/07/sed-head-sedimentary-roxx.html

http://earthphysicsteaching.homestead.com/Shale.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slate

http://www.virtualmicroscope.org/content/phyllite-kilmacrenan

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schist

https://www.emaze.com/@AOLCZCQZ/Metamorphic-Rocks.pptx

http://tayloralpine.squarespace.com/tayloralpine-blog/tag/ctam

http://geology.about.com/od/rocks/ig/metrockindex/rocpicquartzite.htm

hhttp://www.ebay.com.au/itm/161155121981

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hornfels_8.JPG

http://earthphysicsteaching.homestead.com/Minerals-of-the-SerpentineGroup.html

http://leblogdumanagementdeprojet.com/category/rendezvous/webinars/page/2/

http://www.breathecast.com/articles/miami-heat-nba-news-rumors-2014possible-powerhouse-partners-for-pf-chris-bosh-22868/

http://www.clipartpanda.com/categories/rocks-and-minerals-clipart

http://uncle-grandpa.wikia.com/wiki/File:Water-droplet-icon-black.jpg

http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/10g.html

https://www.pinterest.com/explore/geology-humor/
THANKS
FOR
LISTENING!!