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Bicycle
By Ragad and Hiba
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The History of Bicycle:
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In 1816 the German Baron Karl von Drais devised a steerable hobby
horse, and within a few years, hobby-horse riding was a fashionable
pastime in Europe. Riders also discovered that they could ride the
device with their feet off the ground without losing their balance. And
so, in 1840, a Scottish black-smith named Kirkpatrick Macmillan made
a two-wheel device that was operated by a treadle. A couple decades
later, a Frenchman, Ernest Michaux, designed a hobby horse that
utilized cranks and rotating pedals connected to the front axle.
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What Materials used in Bicycle??
The old bicycle made of:
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Titanium
The new bicycle made of:
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Steel
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aluminum
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Aluminum
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carbon fiber
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Titanium
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Carbon fiber
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Steel:
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The chemical formula of the steel is
Fe3C.
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The properties of steel vary widely,
depending on its alloying elements.
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The production of steel benefits the
World in great ways. First, the
standard of living goes higher as
there exist new jobs in banking, iron
ore and manganese mining, office
jobs, transport jobs.
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The steel recycle. If we only recycle
one-tenth of the cans we now throw
away, we'd save about 3.2 billion of
them every year.
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Advantage and Disadvantages:
Advantage:
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Steel has the highest strength
to weight ratio of any building
material.
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No twisting or warping.
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Fire parapets can be
eliminated.
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Slower aging process with less
maintenance.
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Easily disassembled for
repairs
Disadvantages:
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Heavy and thus expensive to
transport.
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Steel is an excellent thermal
conductor requiring additional
exterior insulation or thermal
breaks to overcome this
disadvantage
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Steel components can rust if left
exposed in marine climates.
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Finding steel roof trusses is
difficult in most areas
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Aluminum:
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The chemical formula of aluminum is
A13.
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Aluminum is a metallic element, and its
structure is very similar to most other
metal.

Aluminum is made up of crystals
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It is not soluble in water under.

Aluminum is the most abundant metal
in the Earth's crust.
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Recycling aluminum cans is easy.
When they are empty, rinse them out so
they are clean and either return them to
the store for deposit or recycle
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Advantage and Disadvantages:
Advantage:
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Won't swell, chip or rust.
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Does not deteriorate.
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Reduced weight.
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increased strength &
durability.
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Covers can be retrofitted for
existing structures.
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Low Surface Hardness
Disadvantage:
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Aluminum is more expensive
than steel
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Aluminum can corrode quickly
if suitable precautions against
electrolysis are not taken.
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Aluminum can be waterstained easily.
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Titanium:
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Titanium is chemical element
with the symbol Ti and atomic
number 22.
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Transition metal with a silver
color.
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White metal when pure.
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Titanium is as strong as some
steels.
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Titanium is transition metal.
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The metal has a low density.
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Advantage and Disadvantages:
Advantage:
Disadvantages:
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It is corrosive resistant.
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Expensive metal.
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It can withstand high
temperatures.
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Light but Strong.
Processes for forming and
joining titanium are complex
and expensive.
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Expensive to cast.
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has excellent corrosion
resistance.
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Carbon fiber
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There is no single formula for
a carbon fiber. is a
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Carbon fiber is crystalline
material.
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White metal when pure.
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High chemical resistivity.
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Rigid materials that are
resistant to stretching and
compression.
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a black, lustrous solid
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Advantage :
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Advantage:
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It can be formed to most any shape.
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it's non-corroding.
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High wear resistivity and moisture absorbance.
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High thermal resistivity under non oxygen atmosphere.
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High modules {200~650Gpa} and high rigidity.
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
http://www.cksinfo.com/clipart/traffic/bicycles/bicycle-yellow.png
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http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_473nrD5vEv8/SLfbra-cE-I/AAAAAAAAAvA/TqwXU4i-37o/s400/old-bicycle.jpg
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http://ezinearticles.com/?Comparison-of-Bicycle-Frame-Materials&id=692567
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http://www.exploratorium.edu/cycling/frames1.html\
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http://www.marketresearchlatinamerica.com/wp-content/colombia_steel.jpg
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http://www.oberlin.edu/recycle/facts.html
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http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_steel_as_a_structural_material
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http://www.mainrecycling.com/_images/products/AluminumWheels.jpg
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sam.davyson.com/.../aluminium/.../structure.html
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium
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http://www.temcor.com/alum_advantages.php
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http://www.gharexpert.com/articles/Aluminium-Doors-192/What-advantages-disadvantages-Alumi_0.aspx
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http://www.sydneyoraldesign.com.au/new_titanium.htm
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http://www.webelements.com/titanium/contents.html
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We hope you like it.
By Hiba and Ragad