1900-133 BCE

• Bellringer (10 min)
• Circle Map (10 min)
• Notes (30 min)
• Letter (20 min)
• Fall of Rome Video and
Questions (15 min)
• Project (5 min)
• Everyday Bellringer
Question
• Explain how the artifact you created/photographed/found is representative of one of the civilizations we studied yesterday.

Greece and
Rome

SPRITE
Social
Political
Religious
International
Technology
Economics
Teacher Choice:
As you go through the powerpoint, have the students fill out charts for
Greece and Rome. You may also take
Cornell Notes.

• Mountain Ranges – protection & isolation
• Seas – trade & expansion
• Peninsulas – protection & trade
• Islands – trade & expansion

• Early Athens was ruled by a king and later by an oligarchy.
• After a series of bad rulers, Athenians would unite and create a democracy.
• Democracy is governed by the people or rule of the many.

• ***Sparta was a military state governed by an oligarchy, rule by the few.***
• Spartan men were bred to be warriors and nothing else.

• The Greeks were polytheistic.
• In Greece, Gods were seen as unpredictable, cruel, and powerful.

• Philosophy is an organized system of thought or “love of wisdom.”

• Socrates – Believed that the only goal in education was to improve the individual.
• He used the Socratic method, question and answer, to teach.
• “The unexamined life is not worth living.”

• He believed that society should be divided into three basic groups: an upper class of philosophers and kings, a second group of warriors, and a third group containing the rest.

• Aristotle analyzed 158 states and their governments and concluded that only three forms of government were truly effective: Monarchy,
Aristocracy, Constitutional
Government.

• Macedonian King 356-323
BCE.
• Only 20 years old when he became king.

• Alexander took Syria,
Palestine, and Egypt, and the Persian Empire.
• ***Alexander’s conquests led to the Hellenistic Era where Greek language, architecture, literature, and art spread throughout the world.***

Important Contributions from Greece
• Art
• Democracy
• Drama
• Philosophy
• Literature
• The Olympics

The Geography of Rome-
Geography is Destiny
• Rome’s power grew due to its geography.
• Close to the sea and in the middle of
Europe, it became the epicenter of Europe.

The Roman Builders- All over the
Empire
• Roads that still last
• Aqueducts- bringing water to every important city
• Forum- public area of the city- center- oration etc.
• Theaters- for entertainment- drama
• Coliseums- more fun, fights, gladiators, animals

Early History
• Rome was founded in
753 B.C.
• In 509 B.C. Rome becomes a Republic
(a government with no monarch and the people vote for their representatives)

Twelve Tables
• In 451 B.C. Rome develops the Twelve
Tables
• These laws influenced future generations greatly.

Julius Caesar and the end of the
Republic
 In 60 B.C., three men named Pompey, Crassus and Julius Caesar formed an alliance known as the
First Triumvirate.
• In 49 B.C., Caesar became
Rome’s first dictator.
• Caesar was assassinated in 44 B.C.

Terrible Rulers
• Caligula (37-41 A.D.) ,
Nero (54-68 A.D.), and other terrible rulers weakened the power of the Roman Empire.

The Rise of Christianity
• Around 30 A.D. Jesus Christ is crucified.
• When Rome burns in 64 A.D., Nero blames Christians and they are persecuted for the next 200 years.
• Constantine becomes the first
Christian Emperor of Rome.
• In 313 A.D., The Edict of Milan proclaimed official tolerance of
Christianity.

• One God.
• Jesus Christ is God’s son and the path to salvation.
• The Bible is the Holy book.

Fall of Rome
• In 395 A.D., Rome divides itself in half
(it got too big).
• In 476 A.D., the western half of the empire falls to the Visigoths.

 Republic Government
 Roman Law
 Latin Language-Spanish,
Italian,French
 Roman Catholic Church
 Roman Engineering
•
•
Aqueducts
Sewage systems
•
•
•
Dams
Cement
Arch

• Christians were persecuted in Rome.
• Some Christians even died for their faith
(martyrs).
• Create a letter from the perspective of an imprisoned martyr where you explain your faith to a captor OR create a letter from the point of view of the Romans.

• Rome Video
• As you watch the video, answer the following two questions.
• 1. Why did Rome fall?
• 2. What will be the consequences of Rome’s fall?