THE PROGRESSIVE
MOVEMENT
UNIT 3
PROGRESSIVISM
UNIT 3.1
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Progressivism
Muckrakers
Reforming Cities
Reforming Society - NAACP
Reforming the Workplace
Reforming Government
Reforming Voting
Essential Question:
Explain how reforms set forth in
the Progressive Movement
reflect the definition of
Progressivism.
PROGRESSIVISM
• A broad philosophy based on the idea of
progress, which says: advancement in
economic development and social
organization are vital to improving life in
America.
MUCKRAKERS
• Journalists who exposed areas in need of reform
• Slums
• How the Other Half Lives – Jacob Riis
• Standard Oil Company
• Ida Tarbell
• City Governments
• Shame of the Cities – Lincoln Steffens
• Railroad Monopolies
• Frank Norris
REFORMING CITIES
• Necessary services not being provided
• Cities began passing ordinances to help
govern and clean up
REFORMING SOCIETY – NAACP
• Protested segregation in federal government
• Protested the film Birth of a Nation
REFORMING THE WORKPLACE
• Children were limited in the workplace
• Supreme Court decisions on hour limits
• Lochner V NY = no hour restrictions
• Muller V Oregon = 10 hour limit for women
• Bunting V Oregon = 10 hour limit for all
TRIANGLE SHIRTWAIST COMPANY FIRE
• 140 men and women die in high-rise sweatshop fire
• Turning point for labor and reform movements
REFORMING GOVERNMENT
• City Government Reforms
• City Council appoints professional politician to run the city ; five member
city commissions serving as governance
• State Government Reforms
• States pushed to regulate railroads, utilities, and work places
REFORMING VOTING
• Direct primary – voters select a party’s candidates for public office
• 17th amendment – voters elect their senators directly
• Secret ballot – people vote privately without fear of coercion
• Initiative – allows citizens to propose new laws
• Referendum – allows citizens to vote on a proposed or existing law
• Recall – allows voters to remove an elected official from office
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
• Explain how reforms set forth in the Progressive Movement reflect
the definition of Progressivism.
WOMEN IN THE PROGRESSIVE ERA
UNIT 3.2
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Higher Education for Women
Women in the Workplace
National Association of Colored Women (NACW)
The Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)
Prohibition Amendments
National Woman Suffrage Association
Suffrage Amendment
Essential Question:
Evaluate the success of the
Women’s organizations
during the Progressive Era.
HIGHER EDUCATION FOR WOMEN
• Available to middle and upper classes – some
jobs still excluded women
WOMEN IN THE WORKPLACE
• Traditional
• Teachers and nurses
• New Middle Class Jobs
• Bookkeepers, typists, secretaries, and shop
clerks, artists and journalists
• Industrial – Paid Less
• Factories, particularly garment industry
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF COLORED
WOMEN (NACW)
• Ida B. Wells-Barnett, Margaret Murray Washington,
and Harriet Tubman
• Against: lynching, segregation, poverty, and Jim
Crow laws
THE WOMEN’S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE
UNION (WCTU)
• Called for Prohibition: ban on making, selling, and
distributing alcoholic beverages
• Evangelists: Billy Sunday and Carry Nation
PROHIBITION AMENDMENTS
• 18th Amendment (1917) = Prohibition
• 21st Amendment (1933) = repealed Prohibition
NATIONAL WOMAN SUFFRAGE
ASSOCIATION
• Called for Women’s Suffrage: to give women the right to vote
• Formed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony
• Anthony challenged law and voted, Supreme Court said
states’ decision who gets to vote
• American Woman Suffrage Association merger - became National
American Woman Suffrage Association
SUFFRAGE AMENDMENT
• 19th Amendment (1920) – granted
Women’s Suffrage – the right to vote
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
• Evaluate the success of the Women’s organizations during the
Progressive Era.