Ancient Indus Valley
Label the following locations on the map.
Be able to locate and label these places on a blank map.
Indus River
Ganges River
Arabian Sea
Bay of Bengal
Indian Ocean
Himalaya Mountain Range
Hindu Kush Mountain Range Karakorum Range
Khyber Pass
Deccan Plateau
Mohenjo-Daro Harrapa
Shade the area of the Indus River Valley civilization
Asia
India Vocabulary
name _________________________
Section 1 page 194 – 201
1. __________________________ - a large area of land that is part of a continent but somehow
separated from the rest of the continent.
2. __________________________ - causing terrible damage or destruction
3. __________________________ - in large amounts
4. __________________________ - a place that has been strengthened against the attack
5. __________________________ - a floor or flat structure higher than the surrounding area
6. __________________________ - the plan or design of something, how the parts are arranged
7. __________________________ - an open area surrounded by walls
8. __________________________ - something that provide comfort or saves effort, something
that makes life easier.
9. __________________________ - a narrow tilted passage from dropping things down, like
garbage or laundry
10. __________________________ - developed
11. __________________________ - a) in the middle b) most important
12. __________________________- a group of people with a shared history, language, religion, and
some physical characteristics
13. __________________________ - to move from one region or country to another
14. __________________________ - highly valued or appreciated
15. __________________________ - finally, at last, after a while
16. __________________________ - holy, having to do with religion; or very important and
deserving great respect
17. __________________________ - to order someone not to do something.
18. __________________________ - meet
19. __________________________ - people who use their strength and their hands to do hard
physical work.
20. __________________________ - important
emerged
subcontinent
encounter
layout
forbid
convenience
eventually
prominent
manual laborers
prized
fortress
disastrous
central
sacred
courtyard
ethnic group
plentiful
chute
migrate
platform
Unit 4: India
India’s Early Civilizations
Section 1 Guided Reading 1 pages 195 – 197
The Land of India
Copy the main idea:
__________________________________________________________________________
1. India is a part of Asia; it is known as the
___________________________________________.
2. What is the highest mountain range in the world which separates India from the rest of
the continent?___________________________
3. India has two very fertile river valleys – the _______________________ and
________________
4. A monsoon is what?
_______________________________________________________________________
5. What do monsoons bring in the winter? ______________________________________
6. From what direction do they come?__________________________________________
7. What do monsoons bring in the summer? _____________________________________
8. From what direction do they come? __________________________________________
9. What are the consequences of rains that come on time? Rains that are late?
_______________________________________________________________________
India’s Early Civilization
10. India’s first civilization grew where?__________________________________________
11. What allowed the civilization to develop? _____________________________________
12. How many towns were part of this civilization? _________________________________
13. These villages stretched between what two physical features? _____________________
and __________________________
14. The civilization lasted how many years? ________________________
15. Archaeologists have learned about this civilization by studying what was left of two large
cities –_________________ and ___________________
16. The civilization is known by two names. They are _____________________________ or
______________________________________.
Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
17. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were built according to a ___________________.
18. What was built on a tall platform for protection? _______________________________
19. Homes were made of what? ________________________________________________
20. What was in the center of the house?_________________________________________
21. What did these houses have that houses did not have in Mesopotamia or Egypt?
Look at the pictures and captions
22. The Harappans used what to transport goods? _________________________________
23. How did the Harappans dry their crops? ______________________________________
24. How did the buildings get water?_____________________________________________
Harappan Society
25. The Harappans had a written language that included what? ______________________
26. Why can’t we read their language?
______________________________________________
27. What do archaeologists believe were built on top of the walled fortresses?
_____________________________________________________________.
28. What does this suggest about the government and religion of this civilization?
_____________________________________________________________.
29. The occupation of most Harappans was what?____________________________.
30. List five things that artisans made __________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
31. Where did the Harappans trade these goods? _________________________________.
Think:
Harappan civilization
Egyptian Civilization
Similarities
Differences
Section 1:
Reading Guide 2
The Aryans page 198 – 199
Copy the main idea here
___________________________________________________________________.
1. Harappan civilization collapsed when? _________________________________
2. Historians have different ideas as to why this happened:
a. ________________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________________
3. Who invaded and settled in the region/ __________________________________
4. Who were these people and where did they come from?
___________________________________________________________________
5. What was important to these people and how were they used?
___________________________________________________________________
6. The Aryans were skilled in three ways
a._____________________________
b. ____________________________
c. ____________________________
7. What did the Aryans use to invade the villages? _____________________________
8. When did the Aryans enter the Indus Valley? _______________________________
9. What happened as they settled in the rest of the Indian continent?
_____________________________________________________________________.
10. What did the Aryans continue to do? ____________________________________
11. How did the Aryans view their cattle? ____________________________________
12. What technology turned the Ganges valley into better farmland?
______________________________________________________________________.
13. List the crops and spices that grew in this area ______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
14. The language was known as _____________________________________________.
15. How did the leaders organize themselves? _________________________________.
16. What were the leaders called? ___________________________________________.
Section 1
Reading Guide 3
Society in ancient India – pages 199 – 201
Copy the main idea:
______________________________________________________________________.
1. When the Aryans settled in India, they developed what type of system? __________
2. The system is defined as
_____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________.
3. The system tells a person
a. __________________________________
b. __________________________________
c. __________________________________
4. Who created the name for this system? ___________________
5. What do the Indians themselves call this system? _____________________.
6. What are three reasons historians think this system was created?
a. __________________________________________________________________
b. __________________________________________________________________
c. __________________________________________________________________
7. India had _____ main social groups called _________________.
a. ___________________ - these there the ______________ in the top social class .
b. ___________________ - the warriors who ran the ___________ and _________.
c. ___________________ - the merchants and farmers
d. ___________________ - the unskilled workers and _______________________.
8. One group was not in the varna system – the _______________________________,
also called pariahs or the ____________. (check out the caption of the picture.)
9. This group did dirty jobs like
a. _____________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________________.
10. The Untouchables were considered _____________________________ so they had
to stay away from other people.
11. Large families lived together in the same house with whom in charge? ___________
12. Who had more rights? _________________
a. Only males could _________________________________________
b. Only males could become __________________________________
13. Where did girls learn? ______________________
14. Who taught the boys? ______________________
15. In ancient times and even now, what do the parents do for their children?
___________________________________________________________.
16. Describe the tradition known as the suttee.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________.
If a woman refuses to do this, what was the consequence for herself and her family?
______________________________________________________________