Bellringer
• 5 minutes to finish your study guide
• We will go over the answers together in class.
Ch 25-29 & 33 Animals Study
Guide Answers!!!
Vocab
• Amniotic egg: reproductive organ surrounded
by amniotic fluid and membranes for
protection
• Cephalization: concentration of sensory/brain
structures at the front of the body
• Dioecious: havign two distinct genders
• Endotherm: warm-blooded; stable internal
temp
• Ectotherm: cold-blooded; controlled by
environment
• Hermaphrodite: having both male and female
reproductive organs
Vocab Cont’d
• Mandibles: mouth parts used for holding,
chewing, biting, sucking
• Metamorphosis: changes in shape and body
during development
• Molting: shedding exoskeleton and forming a
new one
• Nematocyst: stinging cells
• Sessile: fixed to one place
• Spicules: tiny hard particles that make up the
skeleton
1. List the 6 Characteristics that all animals
have.
-Multicellular, Eukaryotic, Heterotrophic, Have
to digest food, Lack cell walls, Ability to move
2. Draw a four legged animal—label the four
anatomical directions—anterior/ventral,
posterior/dorsal, superior and inferior.
• Dorsal/Posterior—towards the back
• Ventral/Anterior—towards the front
• Superior—towards the head
• Inferior—towards the bottom
3. Explain the three types of symmetry and name
one animal with each.
Radial- body can be cut through any plane and be
exactly alike (Ex: Starfish)
Bilateral – body can be cut in two with both halves
being exactly alike. (Ex: Humans)
Asymmetry--body with an irregular shape (ExSponges)
4. Explain the 2 types of digestive systems
(complete vs. incomplete) and name one animal
with each
Incomplete digestive system: one opening; food
and waste enter and exit from the same opening
Complete digestive system: two openings; food
enters the mouth and wastes exit the anus
5. Explain the 2 types of circulatory systems (closed
vs. open).
Open circulation—fluid pumped from vessels into
body cavity, then returned to vessels (Ex.
arthropods and most mollusks)
Closed circulation-- fluid stays in vessels (Ex. some
mollusks, higher invertebrates, and all
vertebrates)
6. Explain the 2 types of fertilization—number of
eggs for each??? (internal vs. external)
External fertilization- egg and sperm are released
into the water; large numbers of eggs
Internal fertilization- eggs are fertilized by sperm
inside the mother’s body; fewer numbers of eggs
7. Which vertebrates are ectothermic? Which
are endothermic?
• Ectothermic—Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes,
Amphibia, Reptilia
• Endothermic—Aves, Mammals
8. What class of invertebrates will sting you?
--Cnidarians
9. How many legs do insects have? How many
legs do arachnids have?
--Insects: 6
--Arachnids: 8
10. What does the name “Echinodermata” mean?
“Chondrichthyes”? “Osteichthyes”?
“Amphibian”? Name one animal in each group.
• Echinodermata—”spiny skinned”—starfish
• Chondrichthyes—”cartilage fish”—shark
• Osteichthyes—”Bone fish”—catfish
• Amphibia—”double life”—frog
11. List the 5 Characteristics that all Chordates
have.
1. *Have a dorsal notochord, that becomes the spine.
2. An endoskeleton made of cartilage or bone.
3. Pharyngeal slits or gill pouches during development.
4. A dorsal nerve cord.
5. Post-anal tail
12. List the 6 classes of Vertebrates and two
animals that belong to each. Then list two traits
about each class (appearance mostly)
- Chondrichthyes: (sharks/rays)--have fins and
scales, breathe with gills.
- Osteichthyes: (salmon/perch)--have fins and
scales, breathe with gills.
- Amphibia: (frogs/salamanders)--smooth, moist
skin, no claws or scales
- Reptilia: (snakes/lizards)--body covered w/scales
or plates, have lungs/scales & plates/claws
- Aves: (robin/ostrich)-- have wings and feathers,
parents incubate eggs
- Mammals: (whales/humans)-- have hair & mammary
glands, have a diaphragm
13. What is unique about a monotreme
mammal? A marsupial mammal? Name an
animal of each group.
• Monoteme—only mammals that lay eggs
(platypus)
• Marsupial—carry their young in a pouch
(kangeroo)
14. What makes an animal a vertebrate? An
invertebrate?
Vertebrate = backbone
Invertebrate = no backbone
15. Copy the following prompts. Then name the
vertebrate class that was the first in the
evolutionary sequence to have each trait.
a. Three chambered heart = Amphibia
b. Internal fertilization = Reptilia
c. Use of an amniotic egg = Reptilia
d. Warm-blooded = Aves
e. Four chambered heart = Aves
f. Birth to live young = Mammals