Atmospheric Moisture & Clouds
1) Water vapor is the ________________________________________________________
Essentially all water on Earth is ________________________________
2) Changing states requires _________________________________________________
Water has a __________________________
++So a large amount of _________________________________as water changes temperature
3) The addition of heat:______________________________________________________
The removal of heat __________________________________________________
4) Saturation – the maximum __________________________air can hold at ________________
Warm air can hold ________________________________than cool air
5) __________________________: Ratio of the air’s ________________________ compared
with the __________________________________________ at that temperature and pressure
2 ways to change RH: ____________________________________________________
Higher temp: ________________
Lower temp: ________________
6) Once air is saturated further cooling causes ________________________ (ex: dew, clouds)
Condensation nuclei:
Measured using a psychrometer
7) Dew Point –
Depends on?
For every 10° C increase in temp.: ________________________________________________
High dew points _______________________
Low dew point ______________________
8) Dew point can found by using the RH
When air temp. and dew point are close: __________________________________
When air temp. and dew point are far apart: _____________________________________
9) Adiabatic Temperature Changes:
When air expands: ______________
-When air is compressed: _______________
10) Orographic:
Frontal Wedging:
Convergence:
Convective:
11) Stable air _______________________
Unstable air ___________________
-Most stable occurs with a ____________________ which means air temp _________________
Stability & Weather:
Stable air: _________________________
12) Clouds
Unstable air: ______________________________
Classified based on form and height
Cirrus: _______________________________________
Cumulus: _________________________________________
Stratus: ___________________________________________________
Nimbus: _________________________________________________
Combinations of these are used to describe any cloud
13) Fog
Cumulonimbus= ______________
Occurs when ___________________________________________________
Warm air moving over _________________________ (typical fog)
(California ‘marine layer’)
Cool air moving over __________________________ (smoke on the water)
14) Precipitation
Cloud droplets______________________________
Must grow ____________________________
Most precipitation starts __________
Rain: __________________________________
Snow:
Sleet: _____________________________________
Freezing rain: _______________________________________
Hail: ____________________________________________________