CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
MRS. D’Anton
VOCABULARY REVIEW GAME
RULES: FAMILY FEUD STYLE
1. Class is divided into 2 teams.
2. Each team sends 1 representative to the whiteboard.
3. A definition is projected and read aloud.
4. The first person to correctly spell the word on the white board, and pronounce
correctly, gets the point.
5. The second team may steal if there is an incorrect spelling or pronunciation.
6. Class should check their homework and ensure the correct spelling of the word and
definition is written in their notes during the game.
VOCABULARY WORD CLUE
The smallest unit of a substance that keeps all of the physical and chemical properties
of that substance; it ca consist of one atom or two or more atoms bonded together.
VOCABULARY WORD CLUE
A sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound that has definite
chemical and physical properties
VOCABULARY WORD CLUE
The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element
VOCABULARY WORD CLUE
A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
VOCABULARY WORD CLUE
A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by
chemical means; all atoms of this have the same atomic number
VOCABULARY WORD CLUE
Describes something that has a uniform structure or composition throughout
VOCABULARY WORD CLUE
A substance made up of atoms or 2 or more different elements joined together by
chemical bonds
VOCABULARY WORD CLUE
Composed of dissimilar components.
CLASSIFYING MATTER
Everything is composed of matter.
-Matter is anything that has mass and volume.
-Matter exists in different forms, so classification is important when studying it.
-In chemistry, classification can help you predict what characteristics a sample may
have based on others like it.
Example: By analyzing the properties of salt and water, we can predict how salt water
may behave
PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- Physical properties - characteristic that can be observed or measured
without changing the identity of the substance.
Can you name some physical properties of this
cupcake?
- Chemical properties - relates to a substance’s ability to undergo changes
that transform it into different substances
PHYSICAL PROPERTY EXAMPLES
- Color
- Shape
- State
- Mass
- Texture
- Volume
- Melting Point
- Density
- Boiling Point
- Hardness
- Size
- Magnetic Properties
CHEMICAL PROPERTY EXAMPLES
- Flammability
Sample Statements:
- Reactivity
- Burns in air
- Toxicity
- Gold does not react with oxygen
- Toxic when mixed with x.
Matter can be in any
state. Solid, Liquid, Gas
or Plasma*
MATTER
yes
MIXTURE
yes
Is the composition
uniform?
Homogeneous
Mixture
(solution)
PURE SUBSTANCE
no
Heterogeneous
Mixture
Colloids
no
Can it be physically
separated?
yes
Can it be chemically
decomposed?
Compound
Suspensions
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no
Element
PURE SUBSTANCES
Element
 composed of identical atoms
 Can exist as single atoms, molecules or as allotropes.
 EX: copper wire, aluminum foil
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PURE SUBSTANCES
Compound
 composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio
 properties differ from those of individual elements
 EX: table salt (NaCl)
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MIXTURES
Variable combination of two or more pure substances.
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous
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COMPARING/CONTRASTING TYPES OF MATTER
Both elements and compounds have a definite makeup and definite properties.
Mixtures
Elements
only one kind
of atom; atoms
are bonded it
the element
is diatomic or
polyatomic
substance
with
definite
makeup
and
properties
Packard, Jacobs, Marshall, Chemistry Pearson AGS Globe, page (Figure 2.4.1)
Compounds
two or
more kinds
of atoms
that are
bonded.
two or more
substances
two or
that are physically
more
mixed and retain
kinds of
atoms properties of original
substances.
Can be mixed in various
ratios
LAW OF DEFINITE PROPORTIONS
 A given compound always contains the same, fixed ratio of elements
 Compounds are always represented by an abbreviation or formula.
Example:
 The molecular formula of H2O shows that water molecules always have 2 hydrogen atoms bonded to 1
oxygen atom.
LAW OF MULTIPLE PROPORTIONS
Carbon, C
Carbon, C
Oxygen, O
Oxygen, O
Oxygen, O
Carbon monoxide, CO
Carbon dioxide, CO2
Elements combine in different ratios to form different compounds.
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MORE ON MIXTURES
A sample of matter than contains two or more pure substances is a mixture.
Examples:
- Air
- Sweetened Ice Tea
- Salad
- Salt Water
- Milk
- Alloy
TYPES OF MIXTURES: SOLUTION
SOLUTION
 Homogeneous mixture
 Very small particles- uniform distribution
 No Tyndall effect
Tyndall Effect
– particles don’t settle
– EX: rubbing alcohol
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MIXTURES
COLLOID





Heterogeneous Mixtue
Medium-sized particles
Tyndall effect
Particles don’t settle (suspended)
EX: milk
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MIXTURES
SUSPENSION





Heterogeneous Mixture
Large particles
Tyndall effect
Particles settle
EX: fresh-squeezed
lemonade /orange juice
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IDENTIFY THE SUBSTANCE
hydrogen
atoms
IDENTIFY THE SUBSTANCE
IDENTIFY THE SUBSTANCE
oxygen atoms
hydrogen
atoms
IDENTIFY THE SUBSTANCE
LET’S PRACTICE – PROBLEM #7
#7. Identify each of the following as an
element, compound, homogenous mixture
or heterogeneous mixture.
- CH4
- S8
-Distilled Water
- Salt Water
- CH2O
- Concrete
INDEPENDENT PRACTICE
Please try the following:
Please try the following:
#5. What is the smallest number of
elements needed to make a compound?
# 14. Four different containers are
labeled C + O2, CO, CO2 and Co.
Based on these labels, classify each as
a:
- compound
-element
-heterogeneous mixture
-homogeneous mixture