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In 1585, Sir Walter
Raleigh asked Queen
Elizabeth of England
if he could lead a
group of people to
begin a colony in the
USA.
Queen Elizabeth gave
Raleigh a charter (a
document that
allowed colonists to
live on land owned by
their country.)
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1585, 100 men were
sent to colonize
Roanoke Colony
Things were so
rough during the
winter, they returned
to England.
All but 15 men went
back to England on
a ship.
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1587, Raleigh sends
another group of
settlers
91 men, 17 women,
and 9 children
Led by John White
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The 15 men that had stayed
behind the 1st time had been killed
by then.
John White was the colony’s
governor.
This time, the colonist brought
their wives and children. John
White’s granddaughter, Virginia
Dare, was born 1 month after they
arrived in the USA on August 18
the first English baby born in the
USA.
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It was not going
well in Roanoke.
The colonists could
not grow food well
on this land, so
they sent John
White back to
England for seeds
and supplies.
Because the first 15 men had been killed by Native
Americans, John White decided that they should
pay the Native Americans back.
He ordered his men to attack the the Powhatans
since supposedly, they were the ones who had killed
the 15 men.
However, they instead attacked the Croatoans.
Native Americans who had been their friends and
helped them. After the battle, the Croatoans were
enemies.
This forced John White to have to go back to
England for more food and supplies.

White leaves his family and goes to England.
He gets stuck there for three years because all
the English ships are fighting in this war with
the…………………..
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In 1588, King
Philip II decided to
attack England.
The English
defeated the all
powerful Spanish
Armada because
they had quicker
ships and a violent
storm helped
destroy the
Spanish ships.
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3 years later, White
returns to Roanoke
Colony was deserted
of all inhabitants
The only clue was
the word “Croatoan”
carved on a gatepost
What do you think happened to them?
•Did they blend with the Native Americans?
•Did they all die?
•Did they move?
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The English settlement of Roanoke is an
example of NOT ADAPTING to physical
environments.
They were not prepared to live in the new
climate and may have fought with the Natives.
This colony WAS LOST and still we do not
know what happened to all the people
It was the first ATTEMPT at a colony, but
everyone disappeared…
About 16 years later…….

Susan
Constant

Discovery
Godspeed
In 1606, King
James I gave a
charter to the
Virginia
Company of
London to make
a colony in
Virginia.
Christopher
Newport led the
three ships, Susan
Constant,
Godspeed and
Discovery to
Jamestown.
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
On May 14, 1607, the
settlers began
building the first
English permanent
settlement on the
James River in
Virginia.
Jamestown was
named after the King
James I and Virginia
was named after the
Virgin Queen of
England.
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•
•
•
•
•
Not educated in how to plant food in
Virginia-they wanted to find GOLD instead.
It was swampy.
The water was not good for drinking and the
insects carried disease.
Not enough people in the Jamestown
settlement, especially hard working people.
Native American Battles
They had trouble adapting to the
environment.
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The Powhatan Native
Americans were in
control of almost all of
Virginia (Eastern
Woodland Area).
Most of the Powhatan
farmed, hunted and
fished.
They lived in yehakin
lodges built by the
women.
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John Smith took over as the
leader of the colony.
People were starving because
there was not enough food, so
he said, “He who does not
work, will not eat.”
He was saved by Pocahontas, a
Powhatan Native American.
Smith was a hard leader, but
his leadership is what kept the
colony alive.
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He figured out that
Virginia was good for
growing tobacco.
They grew tobacco and
got rich trading and
selling it.
Tobacco became the
colony’s cash crop.
He married Pocahontas,
which brought peace
between the settlers and
the Powhatans
His leadership made
Jamestown a success.
How did the
colonists adapt to
the environment?
showed how Europeans adapted the farming they did to the
environment by growing _____TOBACCO___________________
as a _CASH CROP_________ to trade.
first successful colony in the New World-1607
Colonist struggled because they did not plant food that grew in the
area.
They also spent too much time looking for gold, so they were
unprepared for the winter.
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The King of England,
Henry VIII rebelled
against the Catholic
Church and started
his own Church called
the Church of
England.
These people became
known as Protestants.
In 1620, Pilgrims
decided to take the
Mayflower and settle
in the USA to gain
religious freedom.
William Bradford was
the leader of the
colony.
They came to the New
World for religious
freedom.

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Pilgrims(people looking for
________RELIGIOUS FREEDOM) came to the
New World on the Mayflower.
They were called Protestants because they
“protested” the Catholic Church.
They found this colony in 1620 in the New
World to find _________RELIGIOUS
FREEDOM.
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The Native Americans
had a sachem or
leader.
Squanto and Samoset
helped the Pilgrims
survive the first hard
years. The Pilgrims
and Natives worked
together.

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October 1621, The Pilgrims
invited the Native
Americans to a 3 day feast
to thank them for helping
them make it through a
difficult year.
The first national
Thanksgiving was in 1777
for the 13 colonies.
George Washington
proclaimed a National Day
of Thanksgiving in 1789.
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More colonists would arrive, not for religious
freedom, but to make money.
They traded furs, and sold goods in the New
World.
Reasons for coming to the New World went
from exploring, then to religious freedom, and
then to making money.
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