Quiz: Feb 3, 2005
1. calcium oxide =
CaO
Write the names and formulas
for the ionic compounds 2. magnesium
formed by these ions:
sulfide = MgS
1. calcium and oxide
3. aluminum
phosphide = AlP
2. magnesium and sulfide
4. aluminum
3. Al3+ and P3phosphate =
4. aluminum and phosphate
AlPO4
5. magnesium and
5. magnesium
phosphate
phosphate=
phosphide = P3Mg3(PO4)2
2sulfide = S
“At age 58, Banneker began the study of astronomy and was soon predicting
future solar and lunar eclipses. He compiled the ephemeris, or information table,
for annual almanacs that were published for the years 1792 through 1797.
"Benjamin Banneker's Almanac" was a top seller from Pennsylvania to Virginia
and even into Kentucky.” http://www.progress.org/banneker/bb.html
Balancing formulas from
Worksheet Questions
K+
2O
C
O
O
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Na1+
K1+
Mg2+
Be2+
Sr2+
Cu1+
Zn2+
Ca2+
NH41+
F1CO32Cl1OH1S2S2I1PO43I1-
NaF
K2CO3
MgCl2
Balancing formulas from
Worksheet Questions
H
K+
O
Be
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Na1+
K1+
Mg2+
Be2+
Sr2+
Cu1+
Zn2+
Ca2+
NH41+
F1CO32Cl1OH1S2S2I1PO43I1-
NaF
K2CO3
MgCl2
Be(OH)2
SrS
Cu2S
ZnI2
3O
O P O
O
Ca2+
Ca2+
3O
O P O
O
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Na1+
K1+
Mg2+
Be2+
Sr2+
Cu1+
Zn2+
Ca2+
NH41+
F1CO32Cl1OH1S2S2I1PO43I1-
NaF
K2CO3
MgCl2
Be(OH)2
SrS
Cu2S
ZnI2
Ca3(PO4)2
NH4I
1+
2+
2-
Oxidation number
1-
• The charge on a monatomic ion is called
the oxidation number.
• An ion with more than one atom, has a
different oxidation number on each
atom, so the sum of the oxidation
numbers equals the charge of the ion.
• Nonmetals often have more than one
oxidation state (number).
• Transition metals may have more than
one oxidation state (number).
• Table 7.3 lists some common oxidation
numbers .
To name covalent compounds
• Covalent compounds are
composed of two or more
nonmetals which share
electrons. (Some metalloids are
covalently bonded as well).
• USE PREFIXES
mono = 1
di = 2
tri = 3
tetra = 4
penta = 5
hexa = 6
hepta = 7
octa = 8
mono = 1
di = 2
tri = 3
tetra = 4
• CO2
• CO
• P2O5
penta = 5
hexa = 6
hepta = 7
octa = 8
• carbon dioxide
• carbon monoxide
• diphosphorous pentoxide
Try SF6
http://misterguch.brinkster.net/covalentcompounds.html
click above for more information about covalent compounds
Naming covalent compounds
sulfur hexafluoride
prefix of less electronegative atom (n ≠ 1),
prefix of second atom– ending ide
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
NaF
K2CO3
MgCl2
Be(OH)2
SrS
Cu2S
ZnI2
Ca3(PO4)
2
9. NH4I
10. Mn(NO3
)3
11. FePO4
12. CoCO3
Answers.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
sodium fluoride
potassium carbonate
magnesium chloride
beryllium hydroxide
strontium sulfide
copper (I) sulfide
zinc iodide
calcium phosphate
ammonium iodide
manganese (III) nitrate
iron (III) phosphate
cobalt (II) carbonate
Writing Formulas
potassium fluoride
K+ and F-
KF
ammonium sulfate
(NH4)2SO4
NH4+ and
SO42-
magnesium iodide
Mg I2
copper (II) sulfite
…. CuSO
3
Mg2+ and
I 1Cu2+ and
SO32-
O 3O
P O
• Aluminum
phosphate
O
1C N
AlPO4
Ag1+
• lead (II) nitrite
Pb(NO3)2
• cobalt (II) selenide
Al3+
O
O
H
Pb2+
O
N
O
1-
CoSe
• silver cyanide
AgCN
• copper II
bicarbonate
Cu(HCO3)2
1-
C
Cu2+
O
O
1-
C
H
O
O
Naming covalent compounds
• antimony tribromide
• hexaboron (mono)silicide
• chlorine dioxide
SbBr3
• iodine pentafluoride
I F5
• ….
more examples
B6Si
ClO2
Writing Formulas for covalent
compounds
• P4S5
• O2
• tetraphosphorous
pentasulfide
• oxygen
• SeF6
• selenium hexafluoride
• Si2Br6
• disilicon hexabromide
• SCl4
• …
• sulfur tetra chloride
CH4 methane, is an exception because it is an ORGANIC
compound.
Naming Organic Compounds
meth = 1
eth = 2
prop = 3
but = 4
pent = 5
hex = 6
hept = 7
oct = 8
non = 9
…
• Organic compounds have one or
more carbons, surrounded with
hydrogens.
• They may have double or triple
bonds, and may include oxygen, or
other atoms.
• They are named by counting the
“carbon backbone” and applying a
prefix
• “Functional Groups” provide the
rest of the name.
Naming Organic Compounds
meth = 1
eth = 2
prop = 3
but = 4
pent = 5
hex = 6
hept = 7
oct = 8
non = 9
…
• Butane = 4 carbons
• CH3CH2CH2CH3
• Heptane = 7 carbons
• CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
• Octane = 8 carbons
• CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
13 c page 178
6 hydrogen atoms
3 carbon atoms
13 f page 178
6 carbon atoms
12 hydrogen atoms
http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCESoft/CCA/CCA5/MAIN/1ORGANIC/ORG02/TRAM02/E/NOMOVIE/MISC.HTM
Molecular and Empirical Formulas.
• Molecular: adj. Pertaining to, consisting of,
caused by, or existing between molecules.
• Empirical: adj. 1. Relying upon or derived from
observation or experiment. 2. Guided by
practical experience and not theory, especially
in medicine.
• Formula: n 1. an established form of words for
use in a ceremony or procedure. 3. Chemistry:
a. a symbolic representation of the composition
or of the composition and structure of a
chemical compound. b. The chemical
compound so represented. c. A prescription in
exact proportion: recipe.
Molecular and Empirical
Formulas
• C6H12O6
• H2O2
CH2O
HO
Coefficients: How many sets of a
particular compound/element
• 2 C6H12
Coefficients: How many sets of a
particular compound/element
• 5 C6H12