Study Guide for Chp. 3: Cells on________________.
Chapter 3: Cells
I. A Generalized View of the Cell
1. Be able to name and describe the three main cell parts.
II. The Plasma Membrane
1. Know what makes up the structure of the plasma membrane.
2. Know the function of the plasma membrane.
3. Know what other name the plasma membrane goes by.
III. Transport Across the Plasma Membrane
1. Know what intracellular and extracellular fluids are.
2. Know which transport types move ‘up the concentration gradient’ and ‘down the concentration
gradient’.
3. Understand how diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, endocytosis (phagocytosis,
pinocytosis), and endocytosis work, their concentration gradient directions and the types of
molecules they transport.
4. Be able to apply the concepts of osmotic pressure.
5. Differentiate between isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic and understand the effect each of
these concepts have upon cells
6. Know what hemolysis and crenation are, what type of cells they happen to, and how they
happen.
7. Be able to contrast and compare passive and active transport.
8. What types of cells are phagocytes?
IV. Cytoplasm
1. Be able to define cytoplasm and cytosol.
2. Know the structures that make up the cytoskeleton, and the functions of each of these
structures.
A. Organelles
1. Know the names and functions of the organelles summarized in this chapter.
V. Nucleus
1. Know the structures that you labeled on the nucleus diagram in your packet.
2. Be able to describe the functions of the nucleus.
VI. Gene Action: Protein Synthesis
1. Know what organelles are involved in protein synthesis and how each of these organelles are
involved in the process.
2. Have a general understanding of what DNA replication is.
A. Transcription
1. Know the different types of RNA involved and their roles.
B. Translation
1. Know what happens during this process and where it happens.
2. Know the nitrogen bases found in DNA and RNA.
VII. Somatic Cell Division
1. Know through what process somatic cells divide.
2. Know what process lets sex cells divide.
A. Interphase
1. Know whether or not this is a phase of mitosis.
B. Mitotic Phase
1. Be able to name and describe the phases of mitosis.
1. Nuclear Division: Mitosis
2. Cytoplasmic Division: Cytokinesis
1. Know whether or not this is a phase of mitosis.
VIII. Cellular Diversity
IX. Aging and Cells
1. Understand the cellular changes that occur due to aging.