BIOLOGY 2014 MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE
***I am able to complete the following for each chapter section.***
CHAPTER 5
5.2
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What is another name for sugar?
Name different types of sugar
What is the structure of sugar?
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What is a catalyst?
What is an enzyme?
5.5
CHAPTER 6
6.1
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What are differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
What is a plasma membrane made of?
What is the function of a plasma membrane?
Draw and label a plant and animal cell
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What is the plasma membrane made of?
What is a phospholipids bilayer?
Draw a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail
Name 2 functions of the plasma membrane
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How does diffusion work?
Why is facilitated diffusion different?
List 3 types of passive transport
Osmosis transports what?
Draw an isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solution
How do animal and plant cells react in hypotonic or hypertonic environments?
What is exocytosis?
What is endocytosis?
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List the different animal cell organelles; include function
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Name the organelles that offer support
Name the organelles that provide movement
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.6
CHAPTER 7
7.1
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Define autotrophs
Give an example of an autotroph
Give an example of a consumer
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Name the 3 main forms of energy
What does chemical energy do?
Write the equation for cellular respiration
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What is ATP made of?
Explain how potential and kinetic energy is used in ATP
What is ADP?
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Why is O2 important in an aerobic process?
Name the 2 reactants in cellular respiration
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Where does glycolysis take place?
What does glycolysis break down?
What is the Krebs cycle?
How many times does it cycle?
Where in the cell does the Krebs cycle happen?
What happens after the Krebs cycle?
What is the ATP output after each part of cellular respiration?
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Define fermentation
List two types of fermentation
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
CHAPTER 8
8.1
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What is photosynthesis?
What organisms use photosynthesis?
Where does photosynthesis occur?
What is the photosynthesis equation?
Name the 2 stages.
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What is a wavelength?
What is the electromagnetic spectrum? Draw it.
What is the light called that we can see?
8.2
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Define pigment.
What can pigments do to light?
What do chloroplast pigments do?
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What is another name for the light independent reactions?
What starts the light independent reactions?
Where do the starting points from the light independent reactions come from?
What is the output?
Where do the light independent reactions take place? Light dependent reactions?
8.3
CHAPTER 9
9.1
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List the 2 types of reproduction
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Explain the difference between chromatin and chromosomes
Name the phase where the cell spends most of its time
Describe how the cell cycle progresses
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State what occurs during all phases of mitosis
Draw examples of animal cells during mitosis
Explain what a cell plate does and where it would be found
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Explain how cancer may form
List 2 therapies in cancer treatment
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Name the type of cell where meiosis occurs
Define homologous chromosome
State at least 3 differences between mitosis and meiosis
Explain why the 23rd pair is different in human chromosomes
Draw examples of animal cells during meiosis
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Explain crossing over
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6