Anatomy and Physiology 101: Chapter 8, Joints
I.
Overview
A. The science of joints is called:
B. Another term for a joint between bones is:
II.
Classifications
A. Name and describe the three joint classifications based on movement:
1.
2.
3.
B. Name and describe the three joint classifications based on tissue:
1.
2.
3.
III.
Fibrous Joints
A. Describe and provide an example of a syndesmosis joint:
B. Describe and provide an example of a Suture:
C. Describe and provide an example of a Gomphosis joint:
IV.
Cartilaginous Joints
A. Describe and provide an example of a synchondrosis joint
B. Describe and provide an example of a Symphysis
V.
Synovial Joints
A. Describe the functions of the general structures of a synovial joint:
1. Synovial Membrane:
2. Synovial Fluid:
3.Articular Cartilage:
4. Joint Capsule:
5. Bursa:
6. Meniscus:
B. Types of Synovial Joints. Describe the 6 types and give an example of each
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
VI.
Movements – Name and describe 11 types of joint movements
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
VII.
Disorders
A. What is a sprain?
B. What is arthritis?
C. Explain the events that occur with osteoarthritis:
D. Explain the events that occur with rheumatoid arthritis:
E. What is a Pannus?
F. Which arthritis results in gnarled fingers? Which results in swollen and ossified joints?
G. Which arthritis is most common? Which is an autoimmune disorder?
VIII.
Knee Joint
A. The knee is classified as which type of joint?
B. Ligaments
1.The _________________ ligament extends from the patella to the tibial tuberosity
2. The _________________ ligament extends from the medial condyle of the femur to the
tibia
3. The _______________ ligament extends from the lateral condyle of the femur to the
fibula.
4. Two ______________ ligaments stretch upward between the tibia and the femur and
help prevent displacement of the articulating surfaces.
C. Bursa
1.The ______________ bursa is located just above the patella, between the quadriceps
femoris muscles of the thigh and the femur.
2. The _______________ bursa is located between the patella and the skin, and often
becomes inflamed, a condition known as housemaid’s knee.
3. The _______________ bursa is located between the tibia and the patellar ligament.
D. Menisci
1. Two menisci separate the articulating surfaces of the femur and the tibia. They are the
___________ and the _______________ meniscus.