Renal System Review Worksheet
Identify each of the following:
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Renal artery
Segmental arteries
Interlobar /Lobar arteries
Arcuate arteries
Interlobular arteries
Afferent arterioles
Glomerular capillaries
Efferent arterioles
Peritubular capillaries (vasa recta)
Interlobular veins
Arcuate veins
Lobar/ Interlobar veins
Segmental veins
Renal vein
b. What are the general functions of the kidney?
Describe the kidney’s role relative to the following:
i. water-soluble substance blood levels ii. blood volume –
iii. pH
iv. hormones
v. enzymes
Where is blood “filtered?
How/where is the filtrate altered?
Describe
filtration direction
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
What is the function of juxtamedullary nephrons?
Identify the three processes responsible for urine formation.
Hydrostatic fluid pressure physically forces fluid across the filtration membrane. Identify
the actual filtering membrane within the glomerulus.
What “elements” remain in the bloodstream?
Define the glomerular filtration rate.
Describe each of the three pressures that determine filtrate movement
a. Glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure (GBHP) –
b. Capsular hydrostatic pressure (CHP) –
c. Blood colloidal osmotic pressure (BCOP) Define the Net Filtration Pressure (NFP).
What are the two main ways glomerular filtration rate can be adjusted?
What is renal autoregulation?
Compare sympathetic stimulation with autoregulation of glomerular filtration while at
rest.
What is the affect of angiotensin II?
With a sudden increase in blood pressure, the heart atria secrete ANP. What is its affect
on glomerular filtration?
Where does renal absorption and secretion occur?
What part of the tubule achieves most of the reabsorption?
Describe paracellular reabsorption.
Describe transcellular reabsorption.
What kind of transport mechanisms are used for reabsorption?
Describe the role of primary active transport with regard to sodium ions Na+. What
nutrients are transported in this fashion?
Describe the role of transporter proteins with regard to nutrient movement
What determines the direction of water movement?
How is the sodium gradient maintained?
Describe reabsorption along the descending limb of the loop of Henle.
Describe reabsorption along the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
Describe reabsorption along the distal convoluted tubule.
Describe H+ and NH4+ ion secretion into the urine.
What solutes are secreted at the collecting duct
Water homeostasis is crucial to life. Define blood osmolarity.
Describe the ADH affect on collecting ducts.
What stimulates renin secretion from the juxtaglomerular cells in kidney nephrons?
Renin promotes formation of angiotensin II. What affect does angiotensin II have?
Summarize aldosterone’s affect on reabsorption of ions
What affect does ANP have