7 December 2009
Renal Physiology
Lab this week: Urinalysis
Review website for
instructions.
Abstracts
How to address an unsatisfactory grade: see which sections most
points were lost, and concentrate on improving those sections.
Revised abstract due Wednesday Exam Day at 9:00 am.
Submit revised abstract, original abstract, original stats report, and
1st Grading rubric all paper-clipped in this order, with revised
abstract on top, signed only on the backside.
Overall abstract grade proportion to be determined.
Goal is to master the skill of writing a good abstract.
Renal Physiology
• Structures of the kidney
• Three fundamental renal mechanisms
– Filtration
– Reabsorption
– Secretion
• Functions of the kidneys
– Homeostasis
• Fluid balance (blood pressure)
• Electrolyte balance (blood pressure, membrane excitability)
• Acid-base balance (in concert with lungs)
Kidneys are source of 3 hormones: Renin, EPO, and Vit D.
Kidneys are targets of 3 hormones: ADH, Aldosterone, ANH
Topics discussed: cortex, medulla, kidney stones, micturition (detrussor, internal and external
urethra sphincters and innervation), incidence of bladder infections by gender, urethral sphincters
Renal artery = One way in. Two ways out of kidney (renal vein or ureter)
Distinction between urine and tubular fluid.
Fig. 14.04
Cortex and
medulla
Juxtamedullary and Cortical Nephrons
Fig. 14.02a
Renal
corpuscle
Peritubular Capillaraies and branch
thereof called vasa recta
The nephron
Membrane proteins are
segregated into apical (luminal)
and basolateral membranes.
Figure 14.10
Special terms
• Filtration: movement of fluid from blood into
the lumen of the nephron
• Reabsorption: the movement of specific
compounds from the lumen back into the blood
(peritubular capillaries)
• Secretion: the transport of specific compounds
from blood into the lumen
• Excretion: elimination from the body in urine
Fig. 14.03a
Fig. 14.05
Glomerular Filtration Rate
is 180 L/day
Three stimuli for secretion
of renin from JGC
Fig. 14.03b
Ultrafiltrate of plasma enters
Bowman’sFigure
space 14.03
Composition same as plasma
except no formed elements
and no proteins
Fig. 14.08
variable
Ways to alter
GFRFig. 14.09
Fig. 14.06
Table 14.02
Lab this week:
Extra 800 ml intake!
Sidebar: some desert animals never drink
and must obtain all their water in the diet.
Table 14.04
Lab this week:
Extra 7 g intake!
Figure 14.07
Net Secretion
Net
Reabsorption
Complete
Reabsorption
Ex: Sodium
Ex: Glucose