1.Thebranchofmodernbiologythatisrelatedtothescientificstudyofthestructuresoflivingorganismsandit'spa
rtscanbereferredtoas?
�(a)Anatomy(B)Physiology.(C)Biochemistry(D)Structuralbiology.
2.Ananatomistisconcernedwiththefollowingexcept:
(A)Shape.(B)Size(C)Position.(D�)Function
3.InGrossanatomy,bodystructuresandpartsareexaminedusingthe________
(A)Glass.(B)Spectacles.(�C)Theeyes(D)X-ray
4.SuperficialAnatomyisthestudybysightofthe________
(A�)Externalbodyfeatures(B)Internalbodyfeatures.(C)Totalbodyfeatures(D)Noneoftheabove.
5.Inmicroanatomy,_________isusedtoexaminethestructureofanorganism
(A)Machine(B)Nakedeyes(C)Unaidedeyes(D�)Microscope
6.Allbutoneisnotaurinogenitalorgan
(A)Kidney(B)Urethra(C)Bladder(�D)Pancreas
7.Thekidneysarelocatedontheleftandrightofthe_____inhumans
(A�)Retroperitonealspace(B)Peritonealspace(C)Beneaththereproductiveorgans(D)Inthebody
8.Inadulthumans,thekidneyisabout_______cm/______inchesinlength
(A)15cm/4½inches(B)24cm/6½inches(C)�12cm/4½inches(D)3cm/0.5inches
9.________conveysbloodtothekidneyand________transportsbloodawayfromthekidney
(�A)Renalartery/renalvein(B)Renalvein/Renalartery(C)Carotidartery/hepaticportalvein(D)Lilacartery/sub
clavianartery
10.The_________conveystheurinetotheurinarybladder
(A)Bile(B)Pile(�C)Ureter(D)Urethra
11.Asideurinogenitalfunctions,thekidneyalsoperfirmathefunctionof______
(A�)Osmoregulation(B)phosphorylation(C)Communication(D)Urination
12.Theosmoregulatoryfunctionofthekidneyinvolvesthefollowingexcept:
(A)Controlofbloodsugarlevel(B)Controlofbodyfluids(C)Acid-basebalancing(D)�Emulsificationoffats
13.Inthehumankidney,filtrationofbloodoccursinthe_____
(�A)Glomeruli(B)Bowman'scapsule(C)LoopofHenle(D)Filtrationneveroccurs
14.Belowaretheexamplesofsubstancesecretedbythekidneyexcept:
(A)Hydrogen(B)Ammoniun(C)Uricacid(D�)Phosphorus
15.Allexceptoneisnotanexampleofthesubstancesabsorbedbythekidney
(A)Freewater(B)Glucose(C)�Hydrogen(D)Aminoacids
16.Thecellofthekidneyisreferredtoasa______
(A)Neurone(�B)Nephron(C)Thrombocyte(D)Myocyte
17.Thetotalnumberofkidneycellsspecifictoanadulthumanis____
(A)1000(B)12,500(C�)1000000(D)1000000000
18.Itisdiscoveredthatthekidneyperformsfunctionsindependentofthenephron
(A�)True(B)False(C)Wecan'tsay(D)That'salie
19.Thefunctionthatthekidneyperfirmaindependentofthenephronis_____
(A�)TheconversionofvitaminDtocalcitriol(B)ConversionofAminacidtoacid(C)Breakdownofwatertohydroge
nandoxygen(D)Breakdownofproteintoaminoacid
20.Urinalysiscanbedefinedas_______
�(A)Proceduresusedinthemanagementofkidneydiseasewhichincludechemicalandmicroscopicexaminatio
noftheurine.
(B)Physicalandphysiologicalmanagementofkidneydisease.
(C)InstrumentalProceduresadoptedinordertomaintainkidneydiseasebymicrobialmanagementoftheblood.
(D)Noneoftheabove.
21.Thestudyofkidneyfunctionisknownas______
(�A)Renalphysiology(B)Adrenalphysiology(C)Skeletalphysiology(D)Muscularphysiology
22.Aprofessionalwhodealswithspecialityinaddressingthediseaseofkidneyfunctionisa_____
(�A)Nephrologist(B)Gynaecologist(C)Renologist(D)Pathologist
23.NephrologyisthestudyofthevariouskidneydiseaseswhileUrologyis_____
(A)�Studyofurinogenitaldiseases(B)Studyofpulmonarydiseases(C)Studyofthefunctionoftheurinogenitalor
gans(D)Examinationofnephrons
24.Inmammals,thekidneysarelocatedhighinthe_______
(A�)Abdominalcavity(B)Renalcavity(C)Thoraciccavity(D)Nephralcavity
25.Therightkidneyispositionedlowerandsmallerthantheleftasaresultof________
(A)Positionoftheliver(B)Positionofthepancreas(C)Positionofthestomach(D)Positionofthebladder
26.Theglandlocatedontopofeachkidneyisthe_______gland
(A)Adrenal(B)Spleen(C)subclavian(D)Pulmonary
27.Therenalhilumisthepointwhere:
(A)Therenalarteryentersandtherenalveinleavesthekidney(B)Thearteryonlyentersthekidney(C)Wherethev
einentersthekidney(D)Wheretheureterentersthekidney
28.Theorganslocatedrespectivelyontopoftherightandleftkidneysare:
(A)liverandpancreas(B)liverandspleen(C)Spleenandliver(D)adrenalgland
29.Thetoughfibroustissuethatsurroundsthekidneyiscalled________
(A)Renalcapsule(B)Venacava(C)Prostrategland(D)Glomeruli
30.Theurineproducingfunctionalstructureofthekidneyistermed____
(A)Papella(B)Calyx(C)Medulla(D)Nephron
31.Thekidneysreceivebloodfromthe_____whichbranchdirectlyfromtheabdominalaerota
(A)Renalartery(B)Pulmonaryartery(C)Carotidartery(D)iliacartery
32.Inadulthuman,thespecificcardiacoutputreceivedbythekidneyisabout_____%
(A)12—15(B)20—25(C)8—15(D)20—30
33.Thekidneyandthenervoussystemcommunicationthroughthe______
(A)Artery(B)Veins(C)Renalplexus(D)Lymphnodes
34.Theprocessofkidneydevelopmentisknownas__________
(A)Nephrogenesis(B)Myogenesis(C)Pathogenesis(D)Thrombogenesis
35.Theproteinpresentinthemammalianurinethatpreventsthegrowthofbacteriais______
(A)Uromodulin(B)Erepsin(C)Pepsin(D)Trypsin
36.Theproteinsexpressedintheglomerulusare:
(A)Prodocinandnephrin(B)Adenineandthiamine(C)UromodulinandGuanine(D)Calibidinandaquaporin2
37.Oneoftheseisnotakidneydevelopmentalphase
(A)Pronephrose(B)Mesonephros(C)Metanephrose(D)Internephrose
38.Theurineisproducedbythecollectionofthisprocessesexcept:
(A)Filtration(B)Secretion(C)Excretion(D)Ingestion
39.__________isreferredtoasthehormoneofthekidney
(A)Antiduretichormone(B)angiotensinII(C)Somatotropin(D)Oxytocin
40.Theprocessbywhichcellsandlargeproteinsarerealtainedwhilematerialsofsmallermolecularweightsarefi
lteredfromthebloodtomakeanultrafiltrateistermed_______
(A)Ultrafiltration(B)Filtration(C)Reabsorption(D)Secretion
41.Theactionmentionedaboveoccursatthe_______
(A)Renalcorpuscle(B)RenalCapsule(C)Pelvis(D)Medulla
42.Theimagebelowillustratesa_______
(A)Nephron(B)Kidney(C)Vein(D)Cortex
43.________isthecorrectorderofurinaeformation
(A)Filtration—Reabsorbtion—Secretion—Excretion
(B)Reabsorption—Filtration—Secretion—Excretion
(C)Excretion—Filtration—Secretion—Reabsorption
(D)Secretion—Filtration—Reabsorption—Excretion
44.Thetransportofmoleculesfromtheultrafiltrateintothepetritubularcapillaryistermed:
(A)Secretion(B)Constriction(C)Reabsorption(D)Adsorption
45.ThefunctionofAntiduretichormone(ADH)isto
(A)Stimulatethereabsorptionofwater(B)Stimulatetheproductionofbreastmilk(C)Stimulatetheproductiono
fredbloodcells(D)Reducetheabsorptionofwater
46.Surgicalremovalofthekidneyiscalled
(A)Vasectomy(B)Nephrectomy(C)Dialysis(D)Urinalysis
47.Calcitriol,anenzymesecretedbythekidneyhelpsin:
(A)Stimulatingtheproductionofcalcium(B)Preventingosteoporosis(C)Stimulatingtheproductionofredblood
cellsinthebonemarrow(D)Alloftheabove
48.Themammaliankidneyis________shaped
(A)Spherical(B)Bean(C)Geometric(D)Oval
49.Thefollowingarediseasesofthekidneyexcept
(A)Kidneystone(B)Nephritis(C)Diabetesmellitus(D)Kidneydysfunction
50.Theurineistransportedintothebladderbythe:
(A)Urethra(B)Pelvis(C)Ureter(D)Bowman'scapsule