TISSUES NOTES
PART 1
Learning Objectives
 Identify the four major tissue types and
describe their functions.
 Describe the relationship between form and
function for each tissue type.
 Describe the three types of muscle tissue and
the structural features of each.
 Discuss the basic structure and role of neural
tissue.
NOTES - TISSUES
• The human body is
organized in the
following manner:
ATOMS
MOLECULES
CELLS
TISSUES
ORGANS
ORGAN SYSTEMS
ORGANISM (human)
• TISSUE (definition)
• 4 types of human
tissue:
• similar cells with the same
function
I. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
II. CONNECTIVE TISSUE
•Histology = study of
tissues
III. MUSCLE TISSUE
IV. NERVOUS TISSUE
Ed
Copies
Mrs.
Notes
Epithelial
 General Characteristics:
 -Main glandular tissue (glands)
 Cells reproduce rapidly
 Cells tightly packed together
 Attached to underlying connective tissue by
noncellular nonliving basement membrane
I. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
• Function:
• cover or lining of organs
Function Continued
 1. protection
 2. Secretion
 3.Absorption
 4. Excretion
 5. Sensory Perception
 http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=epith
elia+tissues&FORM=HDRSC3%20%20view=detail&mid=1B5CA938D182BBC2A
8A11B5CA938D182BBC2A8A1#view=detail&
mid=782D40A6889DA04169A7782D40A6889
DA04169A7
Simple Squamous
 Location: heart and blood
vessels, exchange surfaces
of lungs
 Function: reduces friction,
controls vessel
permeability
Simple Cuboidal
 Function: limited protection, performs
absorption and secretion
 Location: glands, ducts, kidney tubules
Simple Columnar
Epithelium
•
long rectangles packed close
together
Function:
•
to secrete chemicals &
absorb nutrients
Location:
•
lining of digestive tract
(stomach, intestines)
Stratified Squamous
Epithelium
• Function:
• protection from injury
• cells on the bottom are round –
they become flat near the top
• Location:
• skin
3. Ciliated Epithelium
•
(aka: psuedostratified)
Function:
Location:
* there are other types
of epithelium as well
•
•
similar to columnar
epithelium, but with CILIA
movement of mucus or egg
by action of cilia, nasal cavity,
trachea and bronchi
oviducts (fallopian tubes)
Tracheal epithelium (ciliated)
Transitional Epithelium
 Location: urinary
bladder
 Function: permit
expansion and recoil
after stretching
Figure 4.4
Epithelium
Transitional
Figure 4.4c
TISSUES NOTES
PART 2
Part 2: Connective Tissue
 General Characteristics:
-Most abundant tissue in your body, found
throughout
-Binds structures together
-Provides support, protection, framework,
fills space, stores fat, produces blood cells,
fights infection, and helps repair tissue.
4 common Types of Cells
 1. mast cells (prevents blood clots)
2. macrophages (phagocytic )
Big Eater
3. fibroblasts (most abundant, produce fibers)
 4. Fat Cells (adipose cells)
Loose Connective
 Areolar: binds skin to underlying organs and
organs to organs, space between muscles,
throughout body
Loose Connective
 ADIPOSE TISSUE - aka FAT, beneath skin,
around kidneys and eyeballs, abdominal
membranes. Function: Protective cushion,
insulation to preserve body heat, stores
energy, cells are called adipocytes
Dense Connective Tissues
 dense tissue, closely packed, thick
collagenous fibers and fine network of elastic
fibers. Few cells, poor blood supply, thus slow
healing.
 Example?
 Tendon =
 Ligament =
Fluid
 Types
 1. Blood
 2.Lymph
Blood Break
Supporting
 1. Bone
 2. Cartilage
Function of Bone and
Cartilage
 Cartilage and bone support the rest of the
body
Cartilage Types:
 1. Hyaline: most common
 2. Elastic: external ear, epiglottis
 3. Fibrocartilage: vertebrae of spinal column,
pubic bones of pelvis
Elastic
Fibrocartilage
Bone
 Difference Between Bone and Cartilage pg.
108
 Osteoclasts: Tear Down
 Osteoblasts: Build UP
 B and B
Osteoclasts/Osteoblasts
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78RBpW
SOl08
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78RBpW
SOl08
Stand up!
How to prevent osteoporosis?
Muscle Tissue
 1. Skeletal
 2. Cardiac
 3. Smooth
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zirVm-
mHQlQ
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bwOE1M
EginA
 3 Types of Muscle Cells WS
Nerual Tissue
 NEURAL TISSUE IS SPECIALIZED TO
CONDUCT ELECTRICAL IMPULSES THAT
CONVERY INFORMATION FROM ONE AREA
OF THE BODY TO ANOTHER
 tps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qS83wD2
9PY
 Popcorn pg. 113
Neural Tissue
 Neurons - transmit signals
 Neuroglia - protection, support (supporting
cells)
STROOP
 ___________: Spinal Cord
 Importance of Cerebrospinal Fluid
 Circle and transmit signals
 1. stand up
 2. Sit down
 What messages were sent?
Labeling a neuron
 Clay
3 Main Parts