Biological Molecules
What is biochemistry???
Pertaining
to life
Biochemistry
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids
The study of
matter and
the changes
in matter
Nucleic
Acids
Macromolecules
Polymer: Very large
molecule made from
individual pieces
Monomer
AKA: Subunit
• Hydrolysis: Breaks apart
the polymer into
monomers
• Water needed to break
the bond
• Dehydration Synthesis:
AKA: Polymerization
• Links the monomers
together to form the
polymer
• Produces water
What do monomers look like?
• Hydrocarbon: Molecule containing
Hydrogen and Carbon
Saturated
Ethane
Unsaturated
Ethene
Ethyne
Molecular Structure
CHAIN
BRANCH
RING
Substituted Hydrocarbon
•
•
•
•
Hydroxyl -OH
Add –ol suffix to name
Creates an alcohol
Used to disinfect or as a
fuel
Methane
Methanol
Methane
• Carboxyl Group -COOH
• Creates a carboxylic
acid or organic acid
• Found in citrus fruits,
vinegar (ethanoic acid)
Methanoic
Acid
Methane
• Amine -NH2
• Includes novocaine,
painkiller
Methylamine
Carbohydrates
Monomer:
Polymer:
Functions:
- ??
- ??
Proteins
Monomer: Amino Acid
Polymer
Functions:
- ??
- ??
- ??
Lipids
Subunit (Monomer): fatty acids
glycerol
Polymers:
Functions:
- ??
- ??
- ??
- ??
Nucleic Acids
Monomer: Nucleotide
Polymers:
Functions:
- ??
- ??
Group Project- Make a Biological
Molecule
• Build a biological molecule to hang from the
ceiling.
• Include all major structures.
• Sketch out model before building.
• Be creative!!!