The Hornbostel Era
Key Issues:
• New age of American campus design at the turn-of-the-century.
• New wealth and elevation of culture.
• Additive growth (“Old Main” plus…) replaced by grand schemes.
• American architects influenced by École des Beaux Arts (Paris).
• Campuses adopt group plans of Beaux Arts planning.
• Carnegie Tech founded in 1900 as secondary technical school.
• Beaux Arts campus integrates technology and culture.
• Imprint of Andrew Carnegie and architect Henry Hornbostel.
• Recognition by the architectural press.
Key Issues
Carnegie Technical Schools Competition. 1904.
Carnegie Technical Schools Competition Program:
• Design of buildings for Administration, School of Applied Sciences,
School for Apprentices and Journeymen, Technical School for Women,
School of Applied Design, Service (592,000 square feet)
• Buildings should have an architectural treatment of great simplicity.
• Instructive examples for laboratories and shops include technical
institutes (e.g. Pratt Institute) and industrial plants (e.g. Westinghouse
Electric and Manufacturing Co.)
• Special attention must be given to natural lighting
• Special attention must be given to the simultaneous movement of
large numbers of students and the movement of wagons of heavy
materials
Carnegie Technical Schools Competition. 1904.
Invited Competitors:
• Carrere & Hastings
• Frank Miles Day & Brother
• Cass Gilbert
• Howells & Stokes
• George B. Post
Winner:
• Palmer & Hornbostel
Carnegie Technical Schools Competition. 1904.
Howells, Stokes and Hornbostel. University of California
Competition [second place]. 1900.
World’s Columbian Exposition. Chicago. 1893.
Beaux Arts
Group Plan
• Monumental scale
• Unified organization and architecture
• Grid
• Strong axes
• Symmetry
• Hierarchy of major and minor buildings and spaces
• Ability to accommodate many buildings and additions within plan
Architecture
• Italian Renaissance pavilions
• Tall round-arched windows
• Low pitched roofs
Beaux Arts.
Palmer & Hornbostel. Carnegie Technical Schools
Competition [winner]. 1904.
Palmer & Hornbostel. Carnegie Technical Schools
Competition [winner]. 1904.
Palmer & Hornbostel. Campus Master Plan. 1906.
Palmer & Hornbostel. Campus Master Plan. 1906.
Palmer & Hornbostel. Campus Master Plan. 1911.
Palmer & Hornbostel. Campus Master Plan. 1911.
Palmer & Hornbostel. Campus Master Plan. 1911.
Thomas Jefferson. University of Virginia. 1817-1826.
Palmer & Hornbostel. Hornbostel Mall. 1905-1916.
Palmer & Hornbostel. School of Applied Industries (Porter Hall). 1906.
Palmer & Hornbostel. School of Applied Industries (Porter Hall). 1906.
Henry Hornbostel. Administration Hall (Baker Hall). 1914.
Roman Triumphal Arch
Greek Temple Front
Leon Battista Alberti.
Sant’Andrea. Mantua.
1470-1472.
R. Guastavino Company
Henry Hornbostel. Administration Hall (Baker Hall). 1914.
Henry Hornbostel. Machinery Hall (Hamerschlag Hall). 1912-1914
Henry Hornbostel. Machinery Hall (Hamerschlag Hall). 1912-1914.
Andrea Palladio. Villa Barbaro. Ca. 1549-1558.
Henry Hornbostel. Machinery Hall (Hamerschlag Hall). 1912-1914
Claude-Nicholas Ledoux. Blacksmith Building at Saltworks of Chaux.
1770s.
Henry Hornbostel. Machinery Hall (Hamerschlag Hall). 1912-1914
Henry Hornbostel. Machinery Hall (Hamerschlag Hall). 1912-1914
Temple of Vesta. Rome. Late 2nd century B.C.
Claude-Nicholas Ledoux. Barriére de Reuilly. Paris. 1786.
Richard Mique. Temple de l’Amour. Versailles. 1777-1778.
Henry Hornbostel.
Machinery Hall
(Hamerschlag Hall).
1912-1914
Henry Hornbostel. U.S.S. Pennsylvania Prow. Ca. 1915.
Henry Hornbostel. School of Applied Design (CFA). 1912-1914, 1916.
Henry Hornbostel. School of Applied Design (CFA). 1912-1914, 1916.
Raphael et al. Villa
Madama. Rome.
1516-1617.
Henry Hornbostel. School of Applied Design (CFA). 1912-1914, 1916.
Baldessare Peruzzi.
Villa Farnesina.
Rome. 1508-1511.
McKim Mead & White.
Villard Houses.
New York. 1884.
Henry Hornbostel. School of Applied Design (CFA). 1912-1914, 1916.
Henry Hornbostel.
School of Applied Design
(CFA). 1912-1914, 1916.
Bruce Lindsey Paul Rosenblatt
Associates. Niches Project.
1987-1995.
Henry Hornbostel. School
of Applied Design (CFA).
1912-1914, 1916.
Studio of J. Monroe
Hewlett, Charles Basing,
and Arthur T. Hewlett.
Murals. 1916.
Palmer & Hornbostel. Margaret Morrison Carnegie College.
1905-1907.
Flaminio Ponzio. Villa Borghesia. Rome. 1608-1613
Jean Aubert. Stables at Chantilly. Paris. 1721-1735.
Palmer & Hornbostel. Margaret Morrison Carnegie College.
1905-1907.
Palmer & Hornbostel. Margaret Morrison Carnegie College.
1905-1907.
Palmer & Hornbostel. Margaret Morrison Carnegie College,
proposed additions. ca. 1913.
Raphael et al. Villa Madama. Rome. 1516-1617.
Henry Hornbostel. U.S. Bureau of Mines (Hamburg Hall). 1915.
Henry Hornbostel. U.S. Bureau of Mines (Hamburg Hall). 1915.
Henry Hornbostel. U.S. Bureau of Mines (Hamburg Hall). 1915.
Henry Hornbostel. Dormitories. 1915-1918.
Henry Hornbostel. “Ledge House.” ca. 1909.
Henry Hornbostel. Langley Laboratory. 1917-1918.
Henry Hornbostel. Gymnasium. 1923-1924.
Albert Davis Taylor. Campus Landscape Plan. 1924-1926?.
Hornbostel Campus. 1927.
“The Fence”. Ca. 1923.