Transaction Processing Systems
A transaction is a record of an event that signifies a business
exchange
A transaction processing system is a basic business system
that support the functions of
•Recording
•Monitoring
•Evaluating
the basic activities of the business
Fig. 13.1 Transaction Processing Systems
Examples of basic manufacturing/production systems are:
 materials purchasing
 receiving
 shipping
 process control
 numerical control
 equipment
 quality control
 labor costing
 robotic systems
Examples of basic sales/marketing systems are:
 sales
 telemarketing
 order processing
 point-of-sales systems
 credit authorization
Figure 13.4 Amazon.com Order Processing System
Examples of basic finance/accounting systems are:
 accounts receivable
 accounts payable
 general ledger
 payroll
 cash management
 loan processing
 check processing
 securities trading
Examples of basic human resource systems are:
 personnel record keeping
 applicants tracking
 positions listing
 training and skills
 benefits
Questions to ask
•
•
•
•
Where does the system obtain its data?
What does the system do with the data?
What problems does the system solve?
What differences does the system make?
Office Automation Systems
• Data work: use, manipulate, or disseminate
information
• Knowledge work: create new information
using judgment & creativity
– Discipline/Principle/Profession/Certification
• Office work: coordinate & integrate
workers from different functional areas
An office automation system is any application of
information technology that increases the
productivity of office workers

document management

word processing

desktop publishing

electronic communications

electronic scheduling

data management

project management
Figure 16.2 Four Functions of Management
Figure 16.4 Manager’s Time
3 roles of a manager
1. Interpersonal
–
figurehead, leader, liaison
2. Informational
–
monitor, spokesperson, disseminator
3. Decisional
–
entrepreneur, mediator, resource allocator,
negotiator
Management Support Systems
• MIS: summarize & report on the basic
operations of a company
• DSS: provide data & models interactively to
support semi-structured problem solving
• EIS: provide data from both internal &
external sources to support unstructured
problem solving
Figure 16.5 An MIS
Figure 16.7 An DSS
Figure 16.9 An ESS
Artificial Intelligence: the study of how to make
computers to do things that require some level of
intelligence:
•Learn/understand from experience
•Acquire & retain knowledge
•Respond quickly & successfully to new situations
•Solve problems
Expert Systems
• Solve problems that require expertise
• Use facts and reasoning (rules of thumb)
• Explain what it knows and its reasoning process
3 components:
• Knowledge base
• Inference engine
• User interface