The MARC Format
University of California, Berkeley
School of Information Management and
Systems
SIMS 245: Organization of Information In
Collections
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
Review
• History of Cataloging Codes
• ISBD areas
• ISBD punctuation
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
ISBD Areas
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Title and Statement of Responsibility
Edition
Material or type of publication specification
Publication, Distribution (etc.)
Physical Description
Series
Notes
Standard Numbers
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
ISBD Punctuation
• Title Proper (GMD) = Parallel title : other
title info / First statement of responsibility ;
others. -- Edition information. -- Material. -Place of Publication : Publisher Name,
Date. -- Material designation and extent ;
Dimensions of item. -- (Title of Series /
Statement of responsibility). -- Notes. -Standard numbers: terms of availability
(qualifications).
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
Bibliographic Record
• Introduction to cataloging and classification
/ Bohdan S. Wynar. -- 8th ed. / Arlene G.
Taylor. -- Englewood, Colo. : Libraries
Unlimited, 1992. -- (Library science text
series).
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
Today
• MARC History
• MARC Format
• Access to MARC records
– MELVYL
– OCLC
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
MARC History
• NUC and LC Card Distribution Service
• Initial study for tape distribution began in
1964
• At first the service was English monographs
only.
• Eventually formats for many other types of
material and over 130 roman alphabet
languages plus many non-roman languages
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
MARC History
• MARC was intended to be a
communications format for the exchange of
bibliographic information on tape.
• Based on the ISO 2709 Standard Format for
Information Exchange and the ANSI Z39.2
Information Interchange Format
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
MARC History
• MARC Bibliographic Format
– Format integration
•
•
•
•
•
MARC Holdings format
MARC Authorities format
MARC Classification format
MARC Community Information format
Much of MARC available from
http://lcweb.loc.gov/marc/marc.html
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
MARC Bibliographic Materials
• The MARC bibliographic format contains
data elements for the following types of
material:
• Books
– textual material that is monographic in nature.
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
MARC Bibliographic Materials
• Computer files
– information encoded in a manner that allows it
to be processed by a computer or related
machine, including both data stored in
machine-readable form and the programs used
to process that data.
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
MARC Bibliographic Materials
• Maps
– all types of cartographic materials, including
sheet maps and globes.
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
MARC Bibliographic Materials
• Music
– printed music, manuscript music, nonmusical
sound recordings, and musical sound
recordings.
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
MARC Bibliographic Materials
• Serials
– items with a recurring pattern of publication,
e.g., periodicals, newspapers, yearbooks.
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
MARC Bibliographic Materials
• Visual materials
– projected media, two-dimensional graphics,
three-dimensional artifacts or naturally
occurring objects, and kits. Used for archival
visual materials when format or medium is
being emphasized.
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
MARC Bibliographic Materials
• Mixed materials
– primarily archival and manuscript collections of
a mixture of forms of material. Material may be
monographic or serial in nature.
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
Structure of MARC Records
• LABEL or LEADER (24 bytes)
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8/28/97
Number of Characters in record
Record status code
Type of record code
Bibliographic level
Record structure information (indicators,
subfield size, base address of data
Encoding level
ISBD, AACR II compliance
Linked record code
Entry map for directory
Organization of Information in Collections
Structure of MARC Records
• Directory
– A series of 12 byte units, one for each field in
the record
– Three bytes for field tag
– Four bytes for total number of bytes in the
field (including indicators, field terminator and
subfield codes.)
– Five bytes for the location of first byte of the
field relative to the base address of data
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
Structure of MARC Records
• Variable Control fields (001, 005-009)
– “Fixed fields” (e.g. 007 and 008)
• Variable Data fields (010-899)
• Locally defined fields (9xx)
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
Structure of MARC Records
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
0XX = Control information, numbers, codes
1XX = Main entry
2XX = Titles, edition, imprint
3XX = Physical description, etc.
4XX = Series statements
5XX = Notes
6XX = Subject access fields
7XX = Name, etc. added entries or series; linking
8XX = Series added entries; holdings and
locations
• 9XX = Reserved for local implementation
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
Raw MARC Record
000000000011111111112222
012345678901234567890123
01042nam 2200277 4500001001200000005001700012008004100029010001700070
0350025000870350020001120860016001321000037001482450075001852600049002603000
0420030949000500035150000500040150000530045165000220050465000600052675200600
0586830005000646950003500696950002600731998000700757|CUBUGLAD97B|199606131
84859.0|830810 1917 dcu
f
eng u| $ags 17000387 | $a(CU-BANC)ocm04680933|
$a(CU-BANC)GLAD97| $aI 19.16:105|10$aGilbert, Grove Karl,$d1843-1918.|10$aHydraulic
-mining dâebris in the Sierra Nevada /$cby Grove Karl Gilbert|0 $aWashington :$bU. S. Gov't
Print. Off.,$c1917| $a154 p. :$bill., maps, plates ;$c29 cm|1 $aGeological Survey professional
paper,$vno.105| $aAt head of title: Department of the Interior| $aMany of the plates printed o
n both sides of leaf| 0$aHydraulic mining.| 0$aGold mines and mining$zSierra Nevada (Calif.
and Nev.).| $aUnited States$bDistrict of Columbia$dWashington$9(1917)| 0$aGeological Sur
vey professional paper,$vno.105| $lBANC$x1$d\pf\$aF868.S5.7$b.G56| $lENGI$x220$aTN
421$b.G5| $nCU|
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
OCLC MARC
OLUC da gilb,hydr
Record 10 of 32
NO HOLDINGS IN UCB - 73 OTHER HOLDINGS
OCLC: 4680933
Rec stat: c
Entered: 19790222
Replaced: 19960515
Used: 19980821
> Type: a ELvl: I Srce:
Audn:
Ctrl:
Lang: eng
BLvl: m Form:
Conf: 0 Biog:
MRec:
Ctry: dcu
Cont:
GPub: f Fict: 0 Indx: 1
Desc: i Ills: ad Fest: 0 DtSt: s Dates: 1917, <
> 1 010 gs17-387 <
> 2 040 DLC $c COA $d OCL <
> 3 050 QE75 $b .P9 no.105 <
> 4 086 0 I 19.16:105 <
> 5 090 $b <
> 6 049 UCBB <
> 7 100 1 Gilbert, Grove Karl, $d 1843-1918. <
> 8 245 10 Hydraulic-mining d|ac|ebris in the Sierra Nevada / $c by Grove
Karl Gilbert. <
> 9 260 Washington : $b U.S. Gov't Print. Off., $c 1917. <
> 10 300 154 p. : $b ill., maps, plates ; $c 29 cm. <
> 11 410 20 Geological Survey (U.S.). $t Professional paper - United States
Geological Survey ; $v no. 105 <
> 12 500 At head of title: Department of the Interior. <
> 13 500 Many of the plates printed on both sides of leaf. <
> 14 650 0 Hydraulic mining. <
> 15 650 0 Gold mines and mining $z Sierra Nevada (Calif. and Nev.) <
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
DLA (MELVYL) MARC
1.
ID 558332 BASE BW STS c REC am ENC I DCF i ENT 790222
INT REP GOV f CNF 0 FSC 0 INX 1 CTY dcu ILS ad
MEI FIC 0 BIO MOD CSC CON
LAN eng PD 1917
010 gs 17000387 <BG,BW,CAS>
040 DLC $c COA $d OCoLC $d CU-WR <BW>
040 DLC $c COA $d m.c. $d CSFA <CAS>
050 QE75 $b .P9 no.105 <BW>
086 0 I 19.16:105 <BW,CAS>
086 I 19.16:105 <BG>
100 1 Gilbert, Grove Karl, $d 1843-1918 <BW>
100 10 Gilbert, Grove Karl, $d 1843-1918 <BG,CAS>
245 10 Hydraulic-mining d_ebris in the Sierra Nevada / $c by Grove Karl
Gilbert. <BW,CAS>
245 10 Hydraulic-mining d_ebris in the Sierra Nevada / $c by Grove Karl
Gilbert <BG>
260 Washington : $b U.S. Gov't Print. Off., $c 1917. <BW>
260 0 Washington : $b U. S. Gov't Print. Off., $c 1917 <BG>
260 0 Washington : $b U. S. Gov't Print. Off., $c 1917. <CAS>
300 154 p. : $b ill., maps, plates ; $c 29 cm. <BW,CAS>
300 154 p. : $b ill., maps, plates ; $c 29 cm <BG>
410 20 Geological Survey (U.S.) $t Professional paper - United States
Geological Survey ; $v no. 105 <BW>
490 1 Geological Survey professional paper $v no.105 <BG>
490 1 United States. Geological Survey. Professional paper -United States
Geological Survey ; $v no. 105 <CAS>
500 At head of title: Department of the Interior. <BW,CAS>
500 Many of the plates printed on both sides of leaf. <BW,CAS>
500 At head of title: Department of the Interior <BG>
500 Many of the plates printed on both sides of leaf <BG>
650 0 Hydraulic mining <BG,BW,CAS>
650 0 Gold mines and mining $z Sierra Nevada (Calif. and Nev.) <BG,BW>
650 0 Gold mines and mining $z Sierra Nevada Mountains <CAS>
752 United States $b District of Columbia $d Washington $9 (1917) <BG>
830 0 Geological Survey professional paper $v no.105 <BG>
830 0 Professional paper (Geological Survey (U.S.)) $v no. 105. <CAS>
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
Using OCLC to find MARC
Records
•
•
•
•
Logon to MELVYL
from any screen type start
from the database selection screen type oclc
at the enter prompt enter the Authorization
code xxx-xxx-xxx (use the real code as
supplied in class
• at the password prompt, enter the password
as supplied in class
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
Searching
• Use derived keys directly
• Use “fin index search_value”
• For Authority searches
– cho AF; search
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
OCLC search keys (Numeric)
•
•
•
•
•
an = OCLC Number (OL or AF)
bn = ISBN (OL or AF)
cd = CODEN (OL)
gn = Government Document Number (OL)
ln = LC Control Number (LCCN) (OL or
AF)
• mn = Music Publisher Number (OL)
• sn = ISSN (OL or AF)
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
OCLC search keys (Derived)
•
•
•
•
•
•
da = Derived Author/Title (OL)
dc = Derived Corporate Name (OL)
dn = Derived Name (AF)
dp = Derived Personal Name (OL)
ds = Derived Topical Term (AF)
dt = Derived Title (OL or AF)
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
Derived Keys Format
•
•
•
•
•
•
TYPE
FORMAT EXAMPLE
Name/title
4,4
mitc,gone
Title
3,2,2,1
lif,in,th,f
Personal name
4,3,1
bach,joh,s
Corporate Name* =4,3,1
=ener,off,o
Conference Name =4,3,1
=high,ene,p
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
OCLC Phrase Search Keys
•
•
•
•
•
ti
pn
co
cn
su
8/28/97
Title
OL or AF
Personal name
AF
Corporate name
AF
Conference name
AF
Subject
AF
Organization of Information in Collections
OCLC Searches: examples
•
•
•
•
fin ln 72-4519
fin gn ga 11376109
fin dt cat,of,th,m and yr 1980-81 and ft bks
fin dp mich,jam,a and dt tal,of,th,s and yr
1946 and ft bks
• sca ti journal of the american med
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
Limiting results
• set ft bks and yr 1985- and act
• gon,wi,th,w/1964
–
–
–
–
8/28/97
year : 1964
decade : 19xx
range : 1950-1960
open ranges : 1950- or -1950
Organization of Information in Collections
Homework
• Assignment 1 -- MARC tags and codes
• Assignment 2 -- OCLC searching
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections
Next Time
• Next meeting Sept. 21
• AACR II Rules for description
8/28/97
Organization of Information in Collections