Muscular
System
Objectives:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Describe the purpose of the muscular system;
Label the structures of a muscle & sarcomere
Describe how muscles contract;
Compare and contrast 3 different types of muscle;
Observe the characteristics of muscle contraction and
investigate the effects of temperature and fatigue on the
action of muscles.
F. Recognize and distinguish specimen samples from the
muscular system and point out specific examples
correlating to the parts and functions of the system.
Draft Horses
Objective A: Describe the purpose of the muscular system
What is the purpose of
a muscular system???
Objective A: Describe the purpose of the muscular system;
The Muscular System
• Provides the means for the animal to
move about
• Allows proper functioning of the organs.
• This system works hand in hand with the
skeletal system (because the skeleton would not be
able to move without the muscular system)
• This system is made up of three types of
muscles: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
Objective B: Label the structures of a muscle and sarcomere
Objective B: Label the structures of a muscle and sarcomere
• Fine Structure of a Muscle Fiber
• Sarcomere= Section of muscle fiber
Objective B: Label the structures of a muscle and sarcomere
Sarcomere
Z Line
Z Line
Thick
filaments
Thin
Filaments
Objective C: Describe how muscles contract
Muscle Contraction:
-Distance between Z bands shorten
-Thin filaments slide past thick filaments
Objective C: Describe how muscles contract
Muscle Contraction:
Z Line
Relaxed Muscle
Z Line
Contracted Muscle
Z Line
Z Line
Objective D: Compare and contrast 3 different types of muscle;
Skeletal Muscle
• Makes up the largest portion of the muscles providing
movement for the bones of the skeleton.
• Are voluntary muscles that are made up of
myofibrils, which are bundles of muscle fibers.
• Are striated or striped in appearance.
• Move the bones through connective tissue called
tendons.
For Your Information:
A torn tendon means that a muscle has been torn loose from the bone.
Objective D: Compare and contrast 3 different types of muscle;
Skeletal Muscle CONT.
Red Muscle derives color from the concentration of
blood flow and supply of an iron rich compound called
myoglobin that helps give blood its red color.
Example: Thigh
For Your Information:
These muscles contract slowly but are capable of
continually contracting for relatively long periods of time.
Objective D: Compare and contrast 3 different types of muscle;
Skeletal Muscle CONT.
White Muscle contains less blood flow and lower
myoglobin content. These muscles contract faster and
are stronger.
For Your Information:
These muscles fatigue faster than red muscles.
Objective D : Compare and contrast 3 different types of muscle;
Where have you seen the difference in red &
white muscle?
Objective D : Compare and contrast 3 different types of muscle;
Smooth Muscle
• Controls the movement of the internal organs.
• Cells form sheets rather than bundles and are
not striated.
• These muscles are involuntary because their
processes occur automatically
Examples: Internal organs- digestive tract, urinary tract.
Objective D : Compare and contrast 3 different types of muscle;
What is the difference between involuntary
and voluntary movement?
Objective D : Compare and contrast 3 different types of muscle;
Cardiac Muscle
• Controls and makes up the majority of the
heart.
• Cells are in striated bands or bundles like
skeletal muscles
• But are involuntary like smooth muscles.
For Your Information:
These muscles have amazing stamina, as they must act
continuously from before the animal is born until it dies.
Objective D : Compare and contrast 3 different types of muscle;
REVIEW
What are the three muscle types?
Which one has the most stamina?
Objective E : Observe the characteristics of muscle contraction and investigate the
effects of temperature and fatigue on the action of muscles;
REVIEW
What are the three muscle types?
Which one has the most stamina?
Open Note Bell Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Name 3 types of muscle
Draw a picture of a relaxed sarcomere
Draw a picture of a contracted sarcomere
Which muscle has the most stamina?
What muscles are voluntary?
What muscles are involuntary?
Describe the difference between voluntary
and involuntary
Study for the Muscular System Quiz
• 3 Types of muscle and characteristics of each
• Be able to draw and label a sarcomere
(contracted and relaxed)
• Involuntary and voluntary muscles. Be able to
name examples of each
• Be able to explain why some poultry meat is
dark, and some is light