History of Korea
2012
Version Two
(Can be used for all classes)
Japanese aggression
Japan lost WWII & all of the
area’s they conquered!
Koreans hoped to become a united &
independent
country again after WWII!
Korea after WWII
 The Heroes of WWII
temporary occupy the
country.
 North Korea- the Soviets
 South Korea- the U.S.
 Temporary division at 38th
Parallel
 Korea was united as one
country after WWII..
The Soviets establish
Kim IL-Sung in the North!
What happened when U.S. &
Soviets left Korea!
North Korea invades the
South!
 Kim IL- Sung
invades South
Korea to unite the
peninsular!
 Communists
almost conquer
the South!
Korean War
1950-1953
President Harry Truman
Policy of Containment: Stop
the Spread of Communism
in the World!
People remember WWII &
Long Vietnam War…. But
not Korea..
Troops on patrol at DMZ Today
 War has never officially
ended…..
 1 Million North Korean
Troops on DMZ zone.
 South Korean and U.S.
troops are also at the
DMZ
 Seoul, the capital of
South Korea is only 35
miles from the DMZ
zone.!
Korean War!
 The War has never officially ended….
 Korea remained a divided country!!!
 No parade or great welcoming home for the American
war veterans.
U.S.
 54,000 dead
 103,000 wounded
Korean &
Chinese
1.5 million dead
Propaganda against America!
Hermit Kingdom
Isolation of the country
State controlled media and television
No Personal Freedoms
No Internet
Cannot freely leave the country
No Socialist
Paradise
No access to quality health care
Not enough energy & often blackouts
in major city
1994-98- 2 Million died of Starvation
Cult of Personality
Totalitarian & Leader want to
appear strong….
Ex- President Carter &
President Clinton
1994, negotiations for disarmament of North Korea were successfully completed.
The Agreed Framework of 1994
Goals of the Agreed
Framework
 North Korea would suspension of all activities at
Yongbyon, the nuclear facility.
 United States, Japan and South Korea, would build North
Korea two light-water reactors- used for energy.
 And that in the meantime, the allies would provide heavy
fuel oil to make up for the electricity lost from Yongbyon.
 North Korea and the United States, Japan and South Korea
would work towards a harmonious relationship & work
towards normal diplomatic relations.
Why did the
Agreement fail?
For political reasons, the
United States did not
complete their part of this
agreement…..
Kim Jung ILL then withdrew
from the Non- Proliferation
Treaty and started to develop
nuclear weapons.
1994 Agreed Framework
President Bush
then calls …
Relations continue to decline under the
Bush Administration.
The North Koreans develop Nuclear
Weapons ….
From the Korean perspective, they
cannot trust that U.S. agreements will
be fulfilled.
Mistrust & fear!
In reality, the government wants
support from the world!
New Leader = seem powerful!
Kim Jong-Un
Options for Pres. Obama &
Kim Jong Un?
 Six party talks- Will Kim continue the talks?
 Military conflict? Regime change?
 Is Kim Jong UN a reformer? Some speculate he may try to
improve country economically but establishing Special
Economic Zones & following China’s model of economic
reform??
 He has allowed women to wear western styled clothesheels and skirts but no economic improvements (Dec. 2012)
 April, 2012- Launched a missile, but it failed & fell in ocean.
President Obama
 2009- Six- party negotiations have stalled!
 President Obama supports U.N. sanctions &
engagement with North Koreans.
 U.S. & S. Korea- joint military exercises in area to stand
firm against N. Korea.
 Five Asian nations want to continue talks, they want to
avoid an East Asian Arms Race!
 Kim Jong Un takes office….. Show Youtube video of
Kim Jong Ill funeral.
Watch Frontline: Kim’s
Nuclear Gamble
 Come back after the video to discuss the last few
slides.
 Or National Geographic special; Lisa Ling
North Korea at a glance!
 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK)
 Centralized Communist State- one-man, one- party dictatorship
 Population: 22.7 Million
 More than 1 million perished in famine in mid- 1990s.
 33% of pop. is undernourished; 23% of children under age of 5 are
underweight.
 Near total breakdown in public health system- very poor country!
 Up to 200,000 unjustly imprisoned in Soviet style gulags- torture,
rape and executions
Facts about North Korea
 More than 400,000 have died in political prison camps
 Up to 300,000 refugees are hiding in China. 80% are
women, many of those end up sexually trafficked or
forced into marriage.
 Escape from North Korea is dangerous & life
threatening.
2010 Harpo Productions, Inc.