Proteins and Fats
Structure and Function
Proteins and Fats
What are some
examples of protein?
Proteins and Fats
What are some
examples of protein?
Fingernails
Proteins and Fats
What are some
examples of protein?
Hair
Proteins and Fats
What are some
examples of protein?
Egg Albumin
Proteins and Fats
What are some
examples of protein?
Feathers
Proteins and Fats
Proteins serve many functions in an organism:
 Structural-collagen
Proteins and Fats
Proteins serve many functions in an organism:
 Structural-collagen
 Transport-Hemoglobin
Proteins and Fats
Proteins serve many functions an organism:
 Structural-collagen
 Transport-Hemoglobin
 Immune-Antibodies
Proteins and Fats
Proteins serve many functions in an organism:
 Structural-collagen
 Transport-Hemoglobin
 Immune-Antibodies
 Catalytic-Enzymes
Proteins and Fats
All proteins, regardless of the source, animal,
plant, fungal or bacterial, are all made from
the same 20 amino acids.
Proteins and Fats
All proteins, regardless of the source, animal,
plant, fungal or bacterial, are all made from
the same 20 amino acids.
Amino acids contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
and NITROGEN
Proteins and Fats
Amino Acid Structure
All amino acids have the
following common
structure.
Proteins and Fats
Amino Acid Structure
All amino acids have the
following common
structure.
Proteins and Fats
Amino Acid Structure
The side group is what makes each amino acid
unique.
Proteins and Fats
Proteins and Fats
Proteins are joined
together by the
DEHYDRATION
SYNTHESIS REACTION.
Proteins and Fats
How can 20 amino acids make all the proteins
found in living organisms?
Proteins and Fats
How can 20 amino acids make all the proteins
found in living organisms?
Different combinations and lengths
(Letters of the alphabet)
Proteins and Fats
Each amino acid is like a letter in the alphabet,
the change of one amino acid can change the
shape of the protein.
Proteins and Fats
This is seen in
hemoglobin where one
acid change results in
Sickle Cell Anemia.
Proteins and Fats
Proteins have a specific three dimensional
shape which is important in their biological
role.
Proteins and Fats
Proteins and Fats
The shape of a protein is influenced by
temperature and pH.
Out side of a specific range the protein
breaks down, its DENATURED.
Proteins and Fats
Proteins and Fats
What are some
examples of fats?
Proteins and Fats
What are some
examples of fats?
Animal Fat
Proteins and Fats
What are some
examples of fats?
Plant Fat
Proteins and Fats
What are some
examples of fats?
Lard
Proteins and Fats
Fats serve two functions
in an organism:
 Storage of excess energy
reserves
Proteins and Fats
Fats serve two functions
in an organism:
 Storage of excess energy
reserves
 Insulation whale
blubber
Proteins and Fats
Fats serve three
functions in an
organism:
 Storage of excess energy
reserves
 Insulation whale
blubber
 Protection
Proteins and Fats
All lipids, regardless of the source, animal,
plant, fungal or bacterial, are composed of
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
They are nonpolar (do not dissolve in water)
Proteins and Fats
All lipids, regardless of the source, animal,
plant, fungal or bacterial, are composed of
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
They are made of two molecules:
 glycerol
Proteins and Fats
All lipids, regardless of the source, animal,
plant, fungal or bacterial, are composed of
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
They are made of two molecules:
 glycerol &
 fatty acids
Proteins and Fats
Glycerol Structure
Proteins and Fats
Fatty Acid Structure
They can exist as two
types, saturated and
unsaturated.
Proteins and Fats
Fatty Acid Structure
They can exist as two
types, saturated and
unsaturated.
They can range from 12
to 22 carbons in length.
Proteins and Fats
Triglycerides are the most common fats and
are composed of 1 glycerol and three fatty
acid molecules.
Proteins and Fats
Triglycerides are the most common fats and
are composed of 1 glycerol and three fatty
acid molecules.
Guess what reaction combines them.
Proteins and Fats
Triglycerides are the most common fats and
are composed of 1 glycerol and three fatty
acid molecules.
Guess what reaction combines them.
DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS
Proteins and Fats
Proteins and Fats
Phospholipids are another type of fat and
make up cell membranes.
Proteins and Fats
Proteins and Fats
1. What elements are found in proteins?
Proteins and Fats
1. What elements are found in proteins?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen
Proteins and Fats
2. What elements are found in carbohydrates
and fats?
Proteins and Fats
2. What elements are found in carbohydrates
and fats?
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
Proteins and Fats
3. Is C12H22011 a fat or carbohydrate?
4. How do you know?
Proteins and Fats
3. Is C12H22011 a fat or carbohydrate?
Carbohydrate
4. How do you know?
2 to 1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen