Chapter 5 – Proteins and Amino Acids
Objectives
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Describe the chemical structure of proteins and state how they differ from carbohydrates and lipids.
Name the nine essential amino acids.
Identify and describe the various functions of proteins in the body.
Explain how enzymes function in the body.
Describe how protein helps to maintain the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance and acid-base
balance.
6. Describe the concept of nitrogen balance and conditions associated with either positive or negative
nitrogen balance.
7. Explain the conditions under which protein is sacrificed to provide energy and glucose.
8. Describe causes and characteristics of marasmus and kwashiorkor.
9. Discuss the health risks associated with overconsumption of protein.
10. Give the protein recommendations for different age individuals.
11. Identify groups of people who are likely to suffer harm from taking amino acid supplements.
12. Explain what makes a protein complete and identify the best sources of complete proteins.