The Circulatory System
Mr. Gerlach’s
7th Grade
Health Education
An Overview of the Circulatory
System
► Check
Web!!
► How
out how the heart works on the
the Heart Works
Where the Heart is located
Circulatory or Cardiovascular System
► Circulatory
System – Keeps the body
working by delivering oxygen to body cells
and removing waste (Co2) from the cells.
Delivering
Removing
Parts of the Circulatory System
► The
Heart - is divided into FOUR Chambers
Two types of Arteries
►
Arteries start with A takes
blood away !!
►
Aorta – Largest blood
vessel in the heart
►
Pulmonary Artery – Carries
blood containing carbon
dioxide from your heart to
your lungs
Three Types of Veins
► Veins
start with V
brings blood back to
me
 1. Inferior Vena Cava –
Where the blood enters the
heart from the body.
 2. Superior Vena Cava –
Where the blood enters the
heart from the body.
 3. Pulmonary Vein – Carries
blood-containing oxygen
from your lungs to your
heart.
The Four Valves of the Heart
► Tricuspid
Valve – Lets
the blood fill in the
right atrium before it
enters the right
ventricle.
► Bicuspid Valve – Lets
the blood fill in the left
atrium before it enters
the left ventricle
The Four Valves of the Heart
►
►
►
Right Semi lunar ValveLets the right ventricle fill
before releasing the blood
into the pulmonary artery.
Left Semi lunar Valve –
Lets the blood fill in the
left ventricle before
sending it to the aorta
Septum – Divides the
heart in half
Three Kinds of Blood Vessels
► Arteries
– Carries blood away from the heart
► Veins – Carries blood back to the heart
► Capillaries – Delivers low-oxygen blood to
veins (Smallest)
Video of the Valves of the Heart
► The
Valves of the Heart
Parts of the Blood
►
Red Blood Cells – Made in
bone marrow; carries oxygen,
food, and rids body of CO2 and
Waste
►
White Blood Cells – Help fight
disease and infection by
destroying bacteria and germs
that enter the body. Made in the
lymph nodes
Parts of the Blood
► Platelets
– Help
blood to clot, to
prevent excess
bleeding.
► Plasma
– Water
portion of the blood;
55% of blood is
plasma
Four Types of Blood
► Type
A:
42% Accepts A and O
► Type B: 10% Accepts B and O
► Type AB:
3%
Accepts AB and O
► Type O:
45% Universal Donor
► RH Factor = is the + and – of the blood
Four Filters of the Blood
1.
Liver
2.
Kidneys
3.
Lymph Nodes
– located in
the neck
4.
Spleen –
Cemetery for
the red blood
cells
How Blood Moves Through the Heart
How Blood Moves Through the Heart
Blood Disorders
Blood Pressure:
(Hypertension)
The force or pressure
developed by the heart,
which acts to pump blood
through the circulatory
system.
Blood Pressure
Two Distinct pressures
that are measured!!
Systolic: A measure of the
maximum force or
pressure developed in the
arteries when the heart
contracts
Diastolic: A measure of the
lowest pressure, which
occur in the arteries during
cardiac relaxation.
Blood Pressure
High Blood Pressure:
Continuous elevation
of blood pressure
above the normal
range.
Ex. 140/90
Blood Pressure
►
Sphygmomanometer:
An instrument used to
measure blood pressure.
►
Stethoscope: An
instrument used to listen
to the sounds of the heart,
or listen to the flow of
blood through the vessels
when measuring the blood
pressure.
High Blood Pressure Video
► Health
Animations - High Blood Pressure
Arteriosclerosis
► Arteriosclerosis:
Artery walls harden;
caused by a diet high
in fat and cholesterol.
► Causes:





Smoking
Diabetes
High Blood Pressure
High Cholesterol
Overweight
Arteriosclerosis
► Arteriosclerosis
- We will watch how arteriosclerosis builds
up on the walls of an artery.
- Overview of the Circulatory system.
Overview of the Circulatory System
Arteriosclerosis
► Prevention:
 Reduce the amount of
stress in your everyday
life
 Change diet to reduce
the amount of sodium,
fats and cholesterol.
Regular Medical checkups
► Treatment:
 Medication
 Exercise
Diseases and Disorders of the
Circulatory System
► Heart
Attack: Stoppage in the flow of
blood to the heart.
► Prevention:
 Reduce Stress
 Change Diet to less intake of Sodium (Salt)
 Eat less foods high in fat and cholesterol
Diseases and Disorders of the
Circulatory System
► Anemia:
Lack of red blood cells or cells
that do not carry enough oxygen; may
cause weakness and low energy levels.
► Prevention:
 Eat foods that are rich
in Iron
 Treatment: Rest
Diseases and Disorders of the
Circulatory System
► Sickle
Cell Anemia:
Your blood is unable to
circulate properly.
► There is no prevention
for sickle-cell anemia
since you are born
with it.
► Treatments:
 Blood Transfusions
 Medication
► Normal
►
Blood Cell
Sickle Cell
Diseases and Disorders of the
Circulatory System
► Mononucleosis:
A
viral infection; with
symptoms of sore
throat, swollen glands
and fatigue.
► Prevention:
 Avoid human saliva
► Treatment:
 Bed Rest
Diseases and Disorders of the
Circulatory System
► Leukemia:
Abnormal
white blood cells
 In time they may
crowd out normal
white blood cells,
red blood cells, and
platelets.
Diseases and Disorders of the
Circulatory System
► Stroke:
Happens when a cluster of blood
cells blocks blood vessels in the brain.
► Stroke Stroke is a “Brain Attack”
Diseases and Disorders of the
Circulatory System
► Prevention:





Don’t Smoke
Drink in moderation (21)
Get cholesterol checked
Exercise 30 minutes daily
Consume a low fat diet
► Treatment:
 Medication
 Rehabilitation
Diseases and Disorders of the
Circulatory System
► Hemophilia:
Blood
does not clot properly
► Prevention:
 No prevention, you are
born a hemophiliac
► Treatment:
Transfusions of blood
clotting factors.
Diseases and Disorders of the
Circulatory System
► Kidney
Failure: The
inability of kidneys to
function, resulting in
accumulation of fluid
and waste products in
the body.
► Picture is graphic!!