Coming to
America!
Do Now
Today is a Day of Opportunity
• What are the objectives of today’s lesson?
• Why do you think these objectives are
important?
Physical Features of U.S.
• With a partner, complete the CHALLENGE
• Once complete, place this on page 8 of your
INB
Roanoke: The Lost Colony
• Sir Walter Raleigh (English explorer) – first
sees Roanoke in 1584
– Brings 2 natives back with him
– Queen Elizabeth so impressed, grants open
ticket to claim all lands around Roanoke
Roanoke: The Lost Colony
• 1585: Sends 100 men to settle Roanoke
– They arrive late in season = little food supply
– Leader of settlement = Ralph Lane
• He is a military man, runs a tight ship
– Dissatisfaction is high, men choose to leave
when can
• Sir Francis Drake takes them home
Roanoke: The Lost Colony
Let’s try this again: Trip #2 (1587)
• John White = Leader
– Men, women, and children
– First English settler born in New World =
Virginia Dare
Roanoke: The Lost Colony
• White called back to England
– Plans to return to Roanoke immediately
– Gets stuck in England for THREE YEARS!!
• Returns to find no one…
• http://www.history.com/videos/in-searchof-history-lost-colony-of-roanoke#insearch-of-history-lost-colony-of-roanoke
Power in England Shifts
• March 1603: Elizabeth I dies; James I
becomes king
The Virginia Company
• A joint stock company tasked with settling
the colony of Virginia
– Charter created the company in 1606 (King
James I)
• What is a joint stock company?
– A group of investors who believed they could
make money [find gold] by moving people to
America.
Disney’s Portrayal
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfNRR
VSndA4
The Virginia
Company
London
Company
Plymouth
Company
Do Now
• Which English explorer was highly intrigued
by Roanoke and pushed for settlement?
• What is the Virginia Company?
Charters of Virginia
• 1st Charter (1606)
– King of England gives permission for companies to
settle in North America
• 2nd Charter (1609)
– Allows the joint stock company to enforce the laws of
England
• 3rd Charter (1612)
– Establishes additional laws for those living in America
English Settlements
• Council (governing body) chosen by the
Virginia Company (in Britain)
– Did not open documents until landed
Jamestown (1607)
Jamestown
• First PERMANENT English colony
• Leader: John Smith (not known until land)
• Pros: Strategic locations, not inhabited by
Native Americans
• Cons: On marshland, mosquitoes, lack of
fresh water
Jamestown: DRAMA!
• 144 men landed in Jamestown.
– What were these men looking for?
• Didn’t know how to farm or raise livestock.
• Many refused to do manual labor.
• By end of first year only 1/3 remained
– Starvation, disease
John Smith and Jamestown
• “He who does not work, will not eat”
• December 1607: Smith captured by
Powhatans
– Pocahontas: Relationship aided Jamestown
Jamestown: STARVING!
1609-1610
• October 1609: John Smith to England
– Native American relations deteriorate
– Trade lacking
• 440 of 500 die
• Survivors seek to abandon colony
– Intercepted by new governor
John (#2) and Jamestown
• John Rolfe
– Commercialization of tobacco
– Marries Pocahontas
Plymouth (1620)
The Pilgrims!
• 2nd permanent colony
• The Pilgrims or Puritans (Protestant
Separatists) leave Europe in September of
1620.
• 102 passengers aboard the Mayflower.
Plymouth
• Would not have survived if not for Squanto,
a member of the Wampanoag tribe.
– Taught farming, fishing, and translated
We have settlements….Where go
from here?
• Full on COLONIES!!!
• What, what?! We are here to STAY!!
• Each of the original 13 was settled for a
unique reason
Do Now
List the colonies that are a part of:
1. The Southern region
2. The Middle region
3. `The New England region
Do Now
• How are the economies of New England, the
Middle region, and the Southern region
different from one another?
New England Colonies
• Why they came…
– Religious freedom
Puritans and Pilgrims:
Didn’t want to have the King
as leader of church
Religious Groups in Colonies
• Pilgrims: Fleeing
persecution in England
– Sought to separate from
Church of England
– Mayflower  Plymouth
– Idea of religious freedom:
To separate from Church of
England
• Puritans: Advocated strict
religious discipline;
sought to “purify” their
church
– John Winthrop
Massachusetts Bay
Colony
– Idea of religious freedom:
They worship to serve God
in way they saw fit
Middle Colonies
• Why they came…
– Religious freedom
Quakers (tolerant,
peaceful)
– Economic opportunity
Shipping, trading,
farming, fishing
Religious Groups Cont’d
• Quakers: Reject formal ministry and formal
ways of worship
– William Penn  Pennsylvania: Most tolerant of
various religions
Southern Colonies
• Why they came…
– Economic opportunity
Cavaliers: Noblemen who
receive land grants
Plantations: large scale farms
Which religious group would you
have preferred to be a part of?
Why?
Government, represent!
• Magna Carta (1215)
– King John grants rights to all “freemen of our
kingdom”  limits his own power
• Established concept of “no taxation without
representation”
• Established Parliament
Mayflower Compact (1620): The
Deets
• The FIRST written framework for selfgovernment
– Trying to keep people inline, not setup permanent
gov’t
• Mayflower passengers agreed:
– To live in an organized gov’t and obey laws
Mayflower Compact (1620)
• Sets foundation for covenant communities
– Community bound together by commitment to
a governing document
The Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut
• Considered 1st Constitution written in
colonies
• Aims to set up permanent gov’t that involves the people
How are the Mayflower Compact
and Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut different from one
another? How are they similar?
Other Acts of Self-Government
• New England: Town meetings  People
discussed and solved local issues
• Virginia: House of Burgesses (1619)
– 1st elected legislature in colonies
– 12 other colonies followed suit
How does the establishment of the
House of Burgesses affect your life
today?
Stirring of Rights
• Zenger Trial: Right to express yourself
– 1734: Speak poorly about gov’t  Go to jail
– Zenger (a printer) does just that
– His lawyer argues that public should have right to
protest against abuses of power
Wake-up, Colonies
• The Great Awakening: A religious revival
that encouraged people to question
authority
– Thought truth in Bible, not man-made laws
What is going to be the impact of the Great
Awakening?
Posters!
• You are to create an advertisement for one of the
original 13 colonies.
• You must include:
– The name of your colony
– The region your colony is in
– Economic, social, and political factors that would
make someone want to live there.
NOT GUILTY!!
• Zenger Trial promotes idea that press
should have right to print truth EVEN if that
means saying something bad about gov’t
Albany Plan of Union
• Ben Franklin: The colonies should ban
together for self defense
• …We should be like the Iroquois and have a
confederation
• Parliament: Uh…we don’t think so.
– We don’t want to have our authority threatened
Tolerance (?)
• Act of Religious Toleration (1649)
– Maryland passes
• Catholics and Protestants had not been getting along
– No Christian could be “troubled” because s/he
is practicing own religion
– Did NOT apply to non-Christians
House of Burgesses
• Main order of business was to make laws
and oversee taxes
• Has operated non-stop since 1619
– Today it is known as the VA General Assembly