SEMESTER REVIEW GUIDE
MR. LARA
Q1. What are Primary Sources?
A1. Sources that are written or made by people who were at
historical events as observers or participants of time period
being studied
Q2. What are Secondary Sources?
A2. Made or written by people who were not at the historical
event being studied.
Q3. Define Pre-History
A3. Events that happened before writing or record keeping.
A3. Events that happened before writing or record keeping.
Q4. What are the FIVE characteristics of a civilization?
A4. Advanced Cities, Specialized Workers, Complex
Institutions, Record Keeping and Advanced Technology
Q5. What major geographical feature did the world’s first
civilizations developed around and why?
A5. fertile river valleys
Q6. Name the 4 ancient civilizations we studied this
semester and the River/s that they developed around.
A6. China and the Yellow River, Mesopotamia and the Tigris
and Euphrates, Egypt and the Nile, and the Indus Valley and
the Indus River
A6. China and the Yellow River, Mesopotamia and the Tigris
and Euphrates, Egypt and the Nile, and the Indus Valley and
the Indus River
Q7. What was Hammurabi’s most significant contribution to
civilization?
A7.Established a set of laws for society that unified the
empire, some laws were based on social class.
Q8. Hammurabi’s Code was based on what concept?
A8. an eye for an eye philosophy
Q9. List the writing systems for…
A9. Egypt: hieroglyphics, Mesopotamia: cuneiforms, Indus
Valley: Harappan, China: Chinese
A9. Egypt: hieroglyphics, Mesopotamia: cuneiforms, Indus
Valley: Harappan, China: Chinese
Q10. What is Polytheism?
A10. the belief in many gods
Q11. What is Monotheism?
A11. the belief in one god
Q12.
Religion
Name of Deity
Founder
Sacred Text or
Holy Book
Basic Belief
Judaism
Synagogue
Christianity
Jesus
Islam
Hinduism
Buddhism
Holy
Places/Cities
Qur'an
Brahman
Eight-Fold
Path
Judaism
Synagogue
Christianity
Jesus
Islam
Hinduism
Buddhism
Qur'an
Brahman
Eight-Fold
Path
Q13. What is karma and reincarnation and what religion(s)
believe in this?
A13. Hinduism and Buddhism believe in karma, good or bad
deeds follow you from one life to the next and reincarnation
or rebirth of your spirit
Q14. Define Caste System and what religion believed in it?
A14. Hindus believed in a caste system or social class
hierarchy, from priest to untouchables
A14. Hindus believed in a caste system or social class
hierarchy, from priest to untouchables
Q15. What are the two main divisions of Islam?
A15. PAGE 271: Sunni (followers of Muhammad’s example)
and Shi´a (only family of Mohammad should rule)
Q16. List the 5-Pillars of Islam.
A16. faith, prayer, almsgiving, fasting, and a pilgrimage to
Mecca
Q17. List two of the Ten Commandments.
A17. Thou shalt have no other God before me. --- Thou shalt
not covet anything that is thy neighbor’s.
A17. Thou shalt have no other God before me. --- Thou shalt
not covet anything that is thy neighbor’s.
Q19. Who was the founder of Confucianism and what impact
did he have on Chinese culture?
A19. Confucius showing rulers how to govern wisely and
restore order and moral living
Q20. What ideas did Confucian have about government?
A20. to create a bureaucracy, trained civil service, to run the
government
Q21. What city has important sites for Jews, Christians and
Muslims?
A21. Jerusalem, the Holy Land
A21. Jerusalem, the Holy Land
Q22.
Q23. Describe the contributions that Greece made to our
society?
A23. Democracy, Philosophy, Literature & Theater
A23. Democracy, Philosophy, Literature & Theater
Q24. How is a democracy different than a republic? Which
applied to Greece?
A24. a democracy is a government in which people rule
directly, a republic is a rule by elected representatives;
Greece used a democracy
Q25. Who was the Greek philosopher who was a student of
Socrates and wrote The Republic?
A25. Plato
Q26. Known as the Father of Philosophy, who was put on
trial for corrupting the youth of Athens?
A26. Socrates
A26. Socrates
Q27. Who was the Greek writer who wrote epic poems such
as the Iliad and the Odyssey?
A27. Homer
Q28. Define Hellenism
A28. the blending of culture by Alexander the Great; Greek,
Egyptian, Persian, and Indian influence
Q29. In which war did Sparta defeat Athens and bring about
the end of the Golden Age?
A29. Peloponnesian War
A29. Peloponnesian War
Q30.
Q31. Who was Paul and what was significant or important
about him?
A31. he was one of Jesus’ apostles, and important to the
spread of Christianity in Roman times
A31. he was one of Jesus’ apostles, and important to the
spread of Christianity in Roman times
Q32. List Rome’s contributions to future civilizations.
A32. Government, Philosophy, and Literature
Q33. Describe the government of Rome using the following
terms: senate, dictator, veto, codify (twelve tables)
A33. Rome had a senate of 300 members who were chosen
from the upper class, sometimes an elected dictator would
assume total power for a short time, in which he could veto
or forbid laws, in which the laws were written and displayed
for all to see; codified.
A33. Rome had a senate of 300 members who were chosen
from the upper class, sometimes an elected dictator would
assume total power for a short time, in which he could veto
or forbid laws, in which the laws were written and displayed
for all to see; codified.
Q34. Why are the following people important to Roman
history: Julius Caesar, Augustus and Constantine?
A34. Caesar: formed first triumvirate, appointed dictator for
life, then killed. Augustus: most powerful ruler brought Pax
Romana to Rome. Constantine: embraced Christianity.
Q35. What was Pax Romana and why was it important to
religion and trade?
A35. Roman Peace, enabled Christianity to spread and
made trade easier.
A35. Roman Peace, enabled Christianity to spread and
made trade easier.
Q36. What was the legacy of Greco-Roman architecture?
A36. Sculptures from the Greeks, Mosaics: small pieces of
stone, glass and tile to make art, aqueducts: to carry water to
cities and towns
END DAY I