Integumentary System Review
#1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The 5 Function(s)
Physical protection
Temperature Regulation
Protects against water loss
Excretion
Synthesis of vitamin D3
#2 and #3
Serous, Mucous and
Synovial Membranes
• Serous: line body cavities with no
openings (thorax)
• Mucous: line cavities that open to
outside (anus, nose)
• Synovial: line joints (elbow)
#4 Structure
of Skin
2 layers – epidermis and dermis
#5
Which layer has the most
accessories? The Dermis
#6
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Epidermis Layers from outer to
inner
Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale
#7 Melanocytes in the Stratum Basale
produce melanin
#8 Skin Color
•
1.
2.
3.
Is determined by 3 pigments
Hemoglobin – red pigment within rbc
Melanin – brown pigment in melanocytes
Carotene – orange-yellow pigment found in
both epidermal cells and dermal fat cells
#9 Dermis contains...
• 1. Elastic and fibrous connective tissue
• 2. Blood vessels integrated within to help
regulate body temperature
• 3. Nerve tissue carries sensory impulese
• 4. Hair follicles
• 5. Sebaceous Glands (oil)
• 6. Sweat glands
#10 Subcutaneous contains...
• 1. Adipose tissue (insulation)
• 2. Larger blood vessels
• 3. Larger nerve fibers
#11 Accessory Structures
of the Integument
1. Hair follicles
2. Oil and sweat glands
3. Nails
#12 Hair
• Most skin surfaces
• Composed of recycled
epidermal cells
• Arrector pilli muscle
controls
“goosebumps”
• Hair color is genetic
#13 & #14 Sebaceous Glands
• Attached to hair
follicles (usually)
• Secrete oil which
helps keep hair soft &
waterproof
• Acne is a bacterial
infection of the
sebaceous gland
#15 Sweat Glands
• Most numerous in palms & soles
• Sweat is mostly water, but also salts and urea
and uric acid.
• Some are specialized such as the ones in the
ear (ear wax)
• Response to heat or emotional stress
#16 &17 Regulation of Body
Temperature
• 37°C or 98.6°F
• Heat Lost = Heat Produced
• Thermometer is called the hypothalamus
(in the brain)
• Internal regulation is called homeostasis
(biological balance)
• Sweating, shivering, flushing, are
examples of temperature regulation
Homework Worksheet Review
Body Membranes
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
Cutaneous
Synovial
Mucous
Serous
Functions of Integumentary System
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.
Protection
Thermoregulation
Excretion
Keeps water in or out
Vitamin D Synthesis
Structure of the Skin
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.
• 6.
• 7.
Subcutaneous Layer
Stratum Basale
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous Layer
Epidermis
Stratum Corneum
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•
•
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… Structure of the Skin
8. Dermis
9. Stratum Basale
10. Stratum Corneum
11. Subcutaneous Layer
12. Dermis
13. Dermis
14. Epidermis
15. Dermis
Skin Color
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1. Melanin, Carotene, Hemoglobin
2. Melanin
3. Melanin
4. Melanocytes
5. Sunlight
6. Genetics
7. Sun
Summer tans are temporary
• Because skin is continually
sloughed off and new cells are
formed
Diagram of the Skin
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13 Arrector Pili
11 Capillary
2 Dermis
8 Dermal papilla
1 Epidermis
14 Hair Follicle
4 hair Shaft
16 Nerve Fiber
12 Sebaceous Gland
9 Stratum Basale
5 Stratum Corneum
3 Subcutaneous
15 Sweat Gland
7 Sweat Gland Duct
6 Sweat Pore
10 Touch Receptor
Accessory Structures
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Hair Follicle
Sebaceous Gland
Arrector Pili
Sweat / Sudoriferous
Apocrine
Apocrine / Sebaceous
Sudoriferous
….Accessory Structures
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8. Keratin
9. Protection
10. Perspiration
11. Sebum
12. Cerumen
13. Pink
Temperature Regulation
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1. 37°C
2. 98.6°F
3. Respiration
4. Muscle
5. Hypothalamus
6. Skin
…Temperature Regulation
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7. Blood
8. Perspiration
9. Loss
10. Heat
…. Temperature Regulation
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11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Increased
Flushing
Sweat
Evaporation
Heat