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The subjunctive is not technically a tense
in that it does not deal with time, but
rather a mood in that it deals with
conveying emotions, feeling, doubts,
desires and judgments.
The indicative mood in Spanish is: the
present, the preterit, the imperfect, the
future, the conditional, the perfect
tenses and the progressive tenses.
The imperative mood is: commands.
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Yes, but we are systematically murdering it.
One example is with the verb to be after
phrases of necessity etc.:
 It’s important that Juan be here.
▪ vs.
 It’s important that Juan’s here.
That infinitive form of be is considered
subjunctive and is introduced by the It’s
important clause
 We don’t use this first usage much anymore,
hence our murdering of the subjunctive

yo form of the
present
 take off the –o
 add:
-ar
-e -emos
-es
-e -en

-er / -ir
-a -amos
-as
-a -an
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And that works just fine because every
present indicative yo form ends in –o,
right?

Wrong
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Dar – dé…
Ir – vaya…
Ser – sea…
Haber – haya…
Estar – esté…
Saber – sepa…
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Are still stem-changing verbs
 Pensar:
piense
pienses
piense
pensemos
piensen
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Except for –ir verbs, which are stemchanging but also change in the nosotros
form the same way they change in the
preterit:
 sentir:
sienta
sientas
sienta
sintamos
sientan
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tocar:
pagar:
empezar:
toque
toques
toque
toquemos
pague
pagues
pague
paguemos
empiece
empieces
empiece
empecemos
toquen
paguen
empiecen
El
subjuntivo en las
cláusulas nominales
Subjunctive
clauses!!!!!
in noun

That’s right a noun clause. The
grammatical terminology refers to the
fact that the dependent clause in which
a verb becomes subjunctive functions
like the object of the independent, or
main clause. Thus, it functions like a
noun!
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Just look at the examples:
I hope you learn things.
 Espero que aprendas.
I doubt he knows.
 Dudo que él sepa.
It’s necessary that Juan be here.
 Es necesario que Juan esté aquí.

The verb in the first (main) clause
determines whether or not the verb in
the second (dependent) clause is
subjunctive:

Creo que tú ____ (ser) Jacob.
 Creo que eres Jacob.

No creo que tú _____ (ser) Jacob.
 No creo que seas Jacob.
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Necessity
 necesitar etc.

Uncertainty
 dudar, no creer, negar, no pensar etc.
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Desire
 querer, desear, esperar etc.
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Emotion
 tener miedo, estar triste / alegre / enojado,
etc.

Judgment:
 es bueno, es malo, es justo, es normal, es
absurdo etc.

Ojalá-What do I do with this?

For this thing, you need one clause with
a subject and a verb that introduces
another with a different subject and verb
connected in Spanish with “que”:

I want Juan to win.
 Quiero que Juan gane.
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If the two clauses have the same subject,
you don’t conjugate the second verb and
you don’t need “que”.

I want to win.
 Quiero ganar.