AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Muscle Tissue
Instructor Serial/Semester Location Start/Finish Time Date
LESSON OBJECTIVE
Performance: Describe the physiological characteristics of muscle tissue and its histological classification into skeletal, cardiac, and smooth types.
Conditions: The student will be presented a powerpoint presentation by the instructor and will have all necessary references made available to him/her.
Standard: 1. The student will be expected to describe the below information included within the teaching points to the instructor at the end of the lesson and in a written exam.
TEACHING POINTS
1. Describe the types, functions and properties 8. Describe the cardiac muscle tissue similarities of muscle tissue. with skeletal muscle cells.
2. Describe the different skeletal muscle tissue. 9. Describe the properties of smooth muscle tissue.
3. Describe the contraction and relaxation relationship of the skeletal muscle fibers.
10. Describe the regeneration of muscle tissue.
4. Describe the chemical involvement of the muscle metabolism.
5. Describe the control of muscle tension.
11. Describe the developmental anatomy of the muscle tissue.
12. Describe the aging of the muscle tissue.
6. Describe the types of skeletal muscle fibers. 13. Describe the homeostatic imbalances related to muscle tissue.
7. Describe the relation between exercise and skeletal muscle tissue.
14. Define medical terminology associated with muscle tissue.
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
Method: Interactive Lecture
Media:
Environment:
Instructor and Print (including PowerPoint Presentation)
Classroom
OTHER LESSON SPECIFICATIONS
Type of Lesson: Knowledge Lesson
Ratio: 1/50
Resources:
Power point handouts .
End of Lesson Test:
Instructional Time:
Reference(s):
None
415 Minutes
Tortora, Grabowski: Principles of Anatomy and
Physiology, 9th Edition. Chapter 10.
LESSON PLAN APPROVAL
Signature of Standards Officer Date

AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Muscle Tissue
INTRODUCTION
Allocated Time:
Review:
Objective:
5 Minutes
You have had previous lectures on anatomy and physiology during the Combat medic course, this lecture will built upon what you have already learned.
This chapter deals with the physiological characteristics of muscle tissue and its histological classification into skeletal, cardiac, and smooth types. Also considered are the connective tissue components of skeletal muscle, the nerve and blood supply, the microscopic anatomy of a skeletal muscle fiber including the sarcolemma, T tubules, sarcoplasm, myofibrils, sarcoplasmic reticulum, filaments, sarcomere, and muscle proteins. The contraction and relaxation of skeletal muscle fibers is considered including the sliding filament mechanism, the contraction cycle, excitation-coupling, the length-tension relationship, active and passive tension, and the neuromuscular junction. Muscle metabolism is broken down into the three sources for ATP production, muscle fatigue,
Importance:
Fit:
Approach: and oxygen consumption after exercise.
Nurses work in different health care setting so it is important to gain an understainding of this subject as it will apply to clinical setting.
This is the tenth chapter on anatomy and physiology.
You will be presented the subject in a lecture format and will be tested using a written exam at a later date.
If you have any questions during the lesson please feel free to ask. Control Statement:
BODY
1. Teaching Point: Describe the types, functions and properties of muscle tissue.
Allocated Time:
Introduction:
Minutes
We will now go over the types, functions and properties of muscle tissue..
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
1.
Describe the primary function of muscle.
2.
Define myology.
Types of Muscle Tissue
3.
Describe the major structural and functional differences among the three types of muscle tissue.
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Functions of Muscle Tissue
AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Muscle Tissue
4.
Describe the four key functions of muscle.
Properties of Muscle Tissue
5.
Describe the four special properties of muscle tissue
2. Teaching Point: Describe the different skeletal muscle tissue
Allocated Time:
Introduction:
Minutes
We will now go over the different skeletal muscle tissue.
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Connective Tissue Components
6.
Describe the nonconnective tissue functions of the superficial and deep fascia.
7.
Point out how the descriptive terms are related to the three levels of connective tissue that contain progressively larger groupings of muscle cells.
8.
Describe the role of the tendon in muscle structure.
Nerve and Blood Supply
9.
Describe the route and purpose of motor neurons and blood vessels that service each muscle cell.
Microscopic Anatomy of a Skeletal Muscle Fiber
10.
Explain the role of myoblasts and satellite cells in muscle development.
Sarcolemma, T Tubules, and Sarcoplasm
11.
Discuss the connection between the sarcolemma and the T tubules.
12.
Describe the makeup of sarcoplasm.
Myofibrils and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
13.
Identify the contractile elements of skeletal muscle and the membranous sacs that encircle them.
14.
Explain what is meant by muscle atropy and hypertrophy.
Filaments and the Sarcomere
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Muscle Tissue
15.
Explain how the arrangement of the thick and thin myofilaments form the observed sarcomere structural patterns of the myofibril.
16.
Explain how the molecular components of thick and thin filaments fit together to form their respective interactive units.
17.
Describe the muscle damage that can occur following exercise.
Muscle Proteins
18.
Describe and give the functions of the three kinds of proteins found in muscle tissue.
3. Teaching Point: Describe the contraction and relaxation relationship of the skeletal muscle fibers.
Allocated Time:
Introduction:
Minutes
We will now go over the contraction and relaxation relationship of the skeletal muscle fibers.
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
The Sliding Filament Mechanism
19.
Illustrate the progressive overlap of the thick and thin filaments as they pull the A disc toward the center of the sarcomere, and the result on the length of the fibril, fiber, and muscle.
The Contraction Cycle
20.
Define contraction cycle and explain the four steps of the cycle.
Excitation-Contraction Coupling
21.
Illustrate the structural relationships of the SR, T tubules, and sarcomere and how they generally function as part of the excitation-coupling mechanism.
22.
Describe the condition called rigor mortis and its cause.
Length-Tension Relationship
23.
Illustrate the relationship of muscle length to myofilament overlap that results in specific levels and limited range of forces.
The Neuromuscular Junction
24.
Show the general features of the neuromuscular junction that allows signals from the brain to be conveyed from the neuron cell to the muscle cell.
25.
Describe the steps and components in the mechanism that cause a motor neuron action potential to result in a muscle cell action potential.
3

AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Muscle Tissue
26.
Describe the effects of certain plant products and drugs on the neuromuscular junction
(NMJ).
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
4. Teaching Point: Describe the chemical involvement of the muscle metabolism.
Allocated Time:
Introduction:
Minutes
We will now go over the chemical involvement of the muscle metabolism.
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Production of ATP in Muscle Fibers
27.
Describe energy use in muscle cells and list the three sources for ATP production in muscle cells.
Creatine Phosphate
28.
Describe the use of creatine phosphate in muscles to produce ATP.
29.
Discuss the pros and cons of creatine supplementation.
Anaerobic Cellular Respiration
30.
Describe the chemical fate of pyruvic acid coming out of the anaerobic glycolysis pathway and its dependence on the rate of oxygen supply and energy demand.
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
31.
Describe the chemical rate of lactic acid when exercise has ceased and oxygen is being delivered as fast as it is needed.
Muscle Fatigue
32.
Discuss the major known factors that dictate inadequate ATP and thus muscle fatigue.
Oxygen Consumption After Exercise
33.
Discuss the purpose of the elevated use of oxygen after exercise.
5. Teaching Point: Describe the control of muscle tension.
Allocated Time:
Introduction:
Minutes
We will now go over the control of muscle tension.
4

AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Muscle Tissue
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
34.
Since each muscle fiber can only contract fully when stimulated, list the events that allow the muscle as a whole to produce varying levels of tension.
Motor Units
35.
Indicate the relationship between a motor neuron, the number of muscle fibers it innervates, and the functional nature of the muscles served by the motor unit.
Twitch Contraction
36.
Discuss the timing and mechanisms producing the different levels of force in each period of the contraction of a single fiber as shown in a myogram.
Frequency of Stimulation
37.
Define the conditions that cause temporal wave summation and the effect on force expressed by a single fiber.
38.
Indicate the means by which complete and incomplete tetanus are elicited and the resulting force of the fiber.
Motor Unit Recruitment
39.
Discuss the effects of increasing the number of active motor units.
40.
Describe the benefits of and differences between endurance and strength training.
Muscle Tone
41.
Define muscle tone and note how it normally works in body posture maintenance.
Isotonic and Isometric Contractions
42.
Compare and contrast isotonic and isometric contractions.
6. Teaching Point: Describe the types of skeletal muscle fibers.
Allocated Time: Minutes
Introduction: We will now go over the types of skeletal muscle fibers.
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
5

AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Muscle Tissue
43.
Describe the structural and functional characteristics that allow skeletal muscle to be classified into three main types.
Slow Oxidative Fibers
44.
Discuss the slow oxidative fibers based on their structure, capillary supply, mitochondrial density, myoglobin content, and ATPase reactions rate.
Fast Oxidative-Glycolytic Fibers
45.
Discuss the fast oxidative-glycolytic fibers based on their structure, capillary supply, mitochondrial density, myoglobin content, and ATPase reactions rate. \
Fast Glycolytic Fibers
46.
Discuss the fast glycolytic fibers based on their structure, capillary supply, mitochondrial density, myoglobin content, and ATPase reactions rate.
Distribution and Recruitment of Different Types of Fibers
47.
Discuss the distribution and recruitment of the different types of fibers in skeletal muscle.
7. Teaching Point: Describe the relation between exercise and skeletal muscle tissue.
Allocated Time: Minutes
Introduction: We will now go over the relation between exercise and skeletal muscle tissue.
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
48.
Explain that the relative ratio of fast-twitch and slow-twitch fibers in each muscle is genetically determined and may account for individual differences in physical performance.
49.
Examine how various types of exercise can induce changes in the fibers in skeletal muscle.
50.
Describe the consequences of taking anabolic steroids.
8. Teaching Point: Describe the cardiac muscle tissue similarities with skeletal muscle cells.
Allocated Time: Minutes
Introduction: We will now go over the cardiac muscle tissue similarities with skeletal muscle cells.
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: PowerPoint presentation with associated handouts.
51.
Analyze the similarities of cardiac and skeletal muscle cell structure and point out the features that are essential to the heart's rhythmic performance.
6

AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Muscle Tissue
52.
Discuss the cardiac cellular components that sustain the continuous aerobic metabolism and uninterrupted, protracted autorhythmicity.
9. Teaching Point: Describe the properties of smooth muscle tissue.
Allocated Time:
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Minutes
We will now go over the properties of smooth muscle tissue.
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
53.
Indicate the differences between single-unit and multiunit smooth muscle in terms of their function and organs of the body where each predominates.
Microscopic Anatomy of Smooth Muscle
54.
Compare skeletal and smooth muscle cells with respect to organelles, cytoskeleton, and contractile filaments.
Physiology of Smooth Muscle
55.
Contrast the source and nature of differences in contraction between smooth and skeletal muscles.
56.
Examine how calmodulin and myosin light chain kinase take the place of troponin and the mechanism of contraction of smooth muscle.
57.
Enumerate the factors that influence smooth muscle contraction and how these are related to the stress-relaxation response.
10. Teaching Point: Describe the regeneration of muscle tissue.
Allocated Time: Minutes
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
We will now go over the regeneration of muscle tissue.
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
58.
Compare the capacity for replacement by cell division of the skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle, and the result of significant tissue damage.
11. Teaching Point: Describe the developmental anatomy of the muscle tissue.
Allocated Time: Minutes
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
We will now go over the developmental anatomy of the muscle tissue.
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
7

AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Muscle Tissue
59.
Describe how the somites and general mesoderm evolve into the thoracic, head, and extremity muscles, as well as connective tissue and bones.
12. Teaching Point: Describe the aging of the muscle tissue.
Allocated Time:
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Minutes
We will now go over the aging of the muscle tissue..
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
60.
Describe the sources of muscle mass loss and alteration of fiber composition with progressive age.
13. Teaching Point: Describe the homeostatic imbalances related to muscle tissue.
Allocated Time:
Introduction:
Minutes
We will now go over the homeostatic imbalances related to muscle tissue.
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
61.
Discuss the origin, symptoms, characteristics, and treatment of myasthenia gravis, muscular dystrophy, and abnormal contractions of skeletal muscle.
14. Teaching Point: Define medical terminology associated with muscle tissue.
Allocated Time: Minutes
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
We will now go over the medical terminology associated with muscle tissue.
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Learning Support: Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
62.
Define the medical terminology associated with muscle tissue.
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
8

AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Muscle Tissue
END OF LESSON TEST
0 Minutes Allocated Time:
Instructions:
Test Questions or
Performance
Expected:
Test Key:
You will tested on this subject at a later date.
You will be expected to review and study the material taught in this section in order to pass the associated written test. If you have difficulty with the material please see me so we can review together.
CONCLUSION
Allocated Time:
Summary:
5 Minutes
Review and re-emphasize the difficult Teaching Points below.
Closing Statement:
Re-motivating
Statement:
1. Describe the types, functions and properties of muscle tissue.
2. Describe the different skeletal muscle tissue.
3. Describe the contraction and relaxation relationship of the skeletal muscle fibers.
4. Describe the chemical involvement of the muscle metabolism.
5. Describe the control of muscle tension.
6. Describe the types of skeletal muscle fibers.
7. Describe the relation between exercise and skeletal muscle tissue.
8. Describe the cardiac muscle tissue similarities with skeletal muscle cells.
9. Describe the properties of smooth muscle tissue.
10. Describe the regeneration of muscle tissue.
11. Describe the developmental anatomy of the muscle tissue.
12. Describe the aging of the muscle tissue.
13. Describe the homeostatic imbalances related to muscle tissue.
14. Define medical terminology associated with muscle tissue.
Nurses work in different health care setting so it is important to gain an understainding of this subject as it will apply to clinical setting.
You will be able to utilize this information taught today in all clinical settings.
9