Naming Non-ionic
Compounds
Rules to Live By
Rule #1
• The first element in the formula is
named first, and the full element
name is used.
Rule #2
• The second element is named as
it would be if it was an anion.
– Ex. Cl would be “chloride” like before.
Rule #3
• Prefixes are used to tell the
number of atoms in the formula.
– We will look at these in 2 more slides.
Rule #4
• The prefix mono- (meaning 1) is
never used for the first element.
– Ex. CO2 is carbon dioxide,
not monocarbon dioxide. Ever.
Prefixes
1
mono-
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
ditritetrapentahexaheptaocta-
Yay Practice!
Name the following compounds:
1. PCl5 Phosphorus pentachloride
2. P4O6 Tetraphosphorus hexoxide
3. SF6 Sulfur hexafluoride
4. SO3 Sulfur trioxide
5. SO2 Sulfur dioxide
6. N2O3 Dinitrogen trioxide
Now go the other way!
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Give the formula for the following compounds!
Carbon pentasulfide CS5
Diphosphorus hexachloride P2Cl6
Hexanitrogen monofluoride N6F
Tetroxygen trichloride O4Cl3
Phosphorus pentachloride PCl5
Let’s Do Acid!
In the learn-how-to-name-them sense…
Naming Acids
1. If the anion does not contain oxygen,
the acid is named with the prefix
hydro- and the suffix -ic.
Acid
HCl
HCN
H 2S
Anion
ClCNS-2
Name
.
hydrochloric acid
hydrocyanic acid
hydrosulfuric acid
Naming Acids
2. When the anion contains oxygen, we add
either –ic or –ous to the end.
-ic we use when we have an anion
whose name ends in –ate:
Acid
H2SO4
H3PO4
HC2H3O2
Anion
sulfate
phosphate
acetate
Name
.
sulfuric acid
phosphoric acid
acetic acid
Naming Acids
-ous we use when we have an anion
whose name ends in –ite.
Acid
H2SO3
HNO2
Anion
sulfite
nitrite
Name
.
sulfurous acid
nitrous acid
Acid
(starts with H and is not water)
The anion (-) name ends in…
-ide
Single element from
the periodic table:
Br, Cl, I, S…
(root)
“Hydro_______ic
Acid”
-ite
-ate
Only polyatomic ions
Only polyatomic ions
(root)
“_____ous
Acid”
(root) Acid”
“_____ic
Practice!
Name the following acids.
Acid
1. HF
2. H3PO3
3. HNO3
4. H2S
Anion
Name
.
F- (fluoride)
hydrofluoric acid
PO3-3 (phosphite) phosphorous acid
NO3- (nitrate) nitric acid
hydrosulfuric acid
S-2 (sulfide)
The End
Now let’s do some more practice.