WARM UP: On a sheet of notebook paper do the
following…
“that to secure these rights, Governments are
instituted among Men, deriving their just
powers from the consent of the governed.”
Please write the quote and your answer to the
following in a COMPLETE SENTENCE:
1.
2.
3.
In what document will you find this quote?
Who wrote it?
What was he trying to say?
The American
Revolution
The fight for independence
Patrick Henry

In the Virginian
statehouse, some were
still worried about
fighting the King
________________,
Henry gave
Patrick _______
speech
a passionate _______
trying to convince
people they should
fight for freedom
________________
and _________…
liberty
Test Question

inevitable
“The war is ___________
—and let it
come. Is life so dear, or peace so sweet,
as to be purchased
_________ at the price of
chains and slavery
_________________?
Forbid it,
Almighty God! I know not what course
others may take; but as for me,
Give me liberty or give me death
_____________________________.”
Test Question – Patrick Henry
Declaring Independence


The last part of the declaration states
“We therefore …solemnly publish and
declare that these United Colonies
_______,
Free and
are, and of right ought to be _____
independent
_____________
states.”
This is the part that says we are no
England
longer part of __________.
Leaders of the British Army
General Cornwallis
Lord Howe
Lord General William Howe
Not as important as Cornwallis
Was great at organizing and
moving his armies and repeatedly
outmaneuvered
______________
Washington,
pursue
but did not aggressively ______
and _______
destroy the Continental
Army…maybe because he felt
sympathy for the
some __________
American cause.
Problems in the British Army



Communication- Headquarters too far away
Low morale and reason for fighting
Diseases like Smallpox
Hessians
paid help from Prussia

Since the British
were not completely
supporting
__________
the
war effort, German
____________,
mercenaries
paid soldiers)
(_____
were hired to help
the British fight the
war.
British Strategy



Because of the British strengths
experienced troops plenty of
(_______________,
supplies
________)
they could take over any
objective they wanted with ________.
force
Admiral Howe was certain that when
confronted with the overwhelming
British military advantage, the rebels
abandon
could be persuaded to ___________
their ___________.
revolution
Strengths are a test question!!!!!
Washington’s Strategy



Washington knew it would be impossible
British from America
to drive the ________________,
but
occupy
realized the British could not _______
the entire colonies ______________.
against its will
American _________
would regain
Patriots
________
of any town as soon as the
control
marched away
occupying British army ____________.
Washington’s strategy became one of
persistence
alive
__________:
keep the army _____,
even if it meant temporarily abandoning
British
towns and patriots to the _________.
Washington


As long as the ______
army survived,
America
__________
will survive.
Washington had two advantages as a
general:


bulletproof
He seemed ___________
– musket volleys
touch him even
and cannon fire didn’t _________
though he was always in the middle of the
battle
_________,
He had lots of physical strength
_______ – without
a large, experienced officer corps (like the
British had) he often _________
personally lead the
army and saw to supplies, directing combat,
transportation
and even arranging for ______________.
By the end of 1776, the
Continental Army was on the
brink of __________.
They
disaster
were badly _____________,
outnumbered
_______,
ill-fed badly _________,
clothed
and ready to quit
and go
home to tend their farms
when their year-long
enlistments ended.
Washington needed a
victory
____________.
“These are the times that try
men’s souls.”
-



Thomas Paine
The rough winter was trying for the new
enthusiasm
country. American’s early ___________
was fading.
T. Paine saved the day, again, with a
The Crisis
collection of articles called, “_________”
What is a crisis?
A crisis…




1 a : the turning point for
better or worse
2 : the decisive moment
3 a : an unstable or crucial
time in which a change is
coming; especially with the
possibility of a very bad
outcome
b : a situation that has
reached a critical phase
By the end of 1776, the
Continental Army was on the
brink of __________.
They
disaster
were badly _____________,
outnumbered
_______,
ill-fed badly _________,
clothed
and ready to _______
and go
quit
home to tend their farms
when their year-long
enlistments ended.
Washington needed a
victory
____________.
“THESE are the times that try men's souls.”
“The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot
will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of
their country;”
“but he that stands by it now, deserves the
love and thanks of man and woman.
“Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered;”
“yet we have this consolation with us, that the
harder the conflict, the more glorious the
triumph.”
“The Crisis”
TEST QUESTION – THOMAS PAINE
 “Issue
the orders, Sir, and I will
storm hell.”
- Patriot General Anthony Wayne
The Battle of Trenton


moving his _______,
frozen _______
hungry troops was
Just ________
a risky gamble, but G.W. knew it was time to attack.
personally
Washington led the attack on Trenton _________
ice-packed Delaware river and
through the ___________
through the cold, bitter storm- his army leaving
bloodied footprints in the snow as they marched.
________________
Battle of Trenton (NJ) - 12/1776


campfires burning as a
Washington left his ________
fool the British and Hessians
decoy to _____
He Crossed the icy Delaware river (picture
on the back of Delaware’s quarter) and
unsuspecting enemy. The
attacked the ____________
Americans won with hardly any _________.
casualties
The victory
thousands
encouraged _______
of Americans to
volunteer
___________
for
the Continental Army
Help from
Black Soldiers


blacks
When some _______
began
joining the ________
Army,
British
Washington persuaded
Congress
_________
to accept black
soldiers.
About 30,000 soldiers
served in the American
5,000
army, about _______
were
black, some ____,
free some
slave
______.
Help from Women



Many of
spies
Washington’s _____
were women.
Women helped as
camp cooks and
nursed the sick and
_____
wounded
__________.
disguised
A few even _______
men
themselves as ____
and served as
soldiers in the Army.
_______
Battle of Saratoga
Battle of Saratoga (NY) – 10/1777




British
The ________
moved slowly through the
snow and heavy rain to their camp at
Saratoga.
fired
The Continental Army ________
on them
day and night without stopping.
surrendered the battle
The British finally _________
turning point
Was considered a “________________”
in the war because the unlikely victory
countries
encouraged
___________
foreign __________
to
help the Americans (Test question –
France came to the aid of America)
Traitor!!!!



Benedict Arnold was
shot
_______
in the leg
during the Battle of
Saratoga .
He felt he had not
rewarded
been _________
enough for his
“heroic” actions in
the war.
betrayed
He __________
his
country and joined
the British.
Help from Abroad Test Question


With the win at
Saratoga,
Ben Franklin
______________
was
able to convince
France
__________
to help
America.
ships
They sent ______,
troops
money
_______,
and _______.
France


Even though he was only
19 years old
___________,
the
Marquis de Lafayette
became one of our
heroes
biggest __________.
He convinced the
French King to send
6,000
_________
troops to
fight for America
Spain




Galvez
Bernardo de _______
was Governor of
Louisiana
Spanish __________
Sent the American
army both _______
money
and ________.
supplies
Led an attack on
Britain’s most
important base in the
Gulf of Mexico
______________
at
Florida.
British
destroyed ________
rule along the
Mississippi River
_______________.
What was the significance of the Battle of
Saratoga? (Mini Quiz)
A. Showed that the British were to strong.
B. Demonstrated the Continental Army’s
ability to win.
C. Encouraged the French and Spanish to
join the Colonists.
D. Made Benedict Arnold a hero for the
Americans.
Winter at Valley Forge
Winter at Valley Forge
Valley Forge (PA) Winter 1777-78


American army
Very bad time for the ___________
British who
Local farmers sold food to the ________
Paper money
gold coin instead of _____________
paid in ______
Why would the stores refuse to take paper money for
payment from the Continental Army?
If America lost the war, there would be no
government to back up the paper money and it
would be worthless.
Valley Forge (PA, Winter 1777-78)



Officers resigned their commissions,
soldiers deserted, death and disease
overwhelmed those who stayed.
Washington lead them by encouraging
soldiers to build their own barracks, given
prizes for the best built…and camped in
his own field tent until all soldiers were
housed.
Conditions slowly improved with food,
clothes and training, the soldiers
becoming more committed and united.
John Paul Jones


Captain in the
Continental Navy
________________.
During a battle he
told the British
“I have not yet
________________
begun to fight!”
________________
when they wanted
him to surrender.
Yorktown
(Virginia - Oct. 1781)





major battle of the Revolution
The last _____________
Cornwallis
British are led by General ____________
Georgia and the
and control most of ________
Carolinas
_____________.
Yorktown
Washington marched north toward ________
navy was in the harbor,
The French ______
cutting off escape by the British ships.
surrender
Cornwallis had no choice but to ___________
his troops to Washington
Yorktown
General Cornwallis surrenders to General
Washington. The War is basically over.
End of the War!!!!!!!!!


In 1783, the United States and Britain
peace treaty in ________
Paris
signed a ____________
officially ending the American
Revolution.
Treaty of Paris, 1783 – King George
recognizes the United States of
America as a free and independent
nation. (test question)
New York
13 Colonies
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
Delaware
Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Timer
15
10
9
6
2
3
0
17
840
5