HS450 Final Exam
Review
Kathy L. Lantz, MHS, MBA
Final Exam
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Comprehensive: Chapters 1 thru 19
Essay questions
Time limit is 2 hours
Answer questions “in your own words”
16 questions x 20 points each = 320 points
Final Exam Review
Explain McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
management styles.
Which is most desirable in today’s workforce?
Why?
Theory X
• Theory X managers are no longer effective in
the workplace
• They rely on an employee’s lower needs for
motivation
• In modern society those needs are mostly
satisfied
• No longer acts as a motivator for the employee
Chapter 1
Final Exam Review
What is meant by organizational behavior?
What questions does OB ask?
OB Defined
• Study of individual and group dynamics within
an organization setting from a micro perspective
• The discipline of OB attempts to understand
these interactions so managers can predict
behavioral responses
• And, manager the resulting outcomes
Chapter 1
OB Asks the Questions
• Why do people behave the say they do?
• Under what circumstances will people’s
behavior change?
• What impacts do organization have the behavior
of individuals, formal group, and informal
groups?
• Why do different groups in the same
organization develop different behavior norms?
Chapter 1
Final Exam Review
How do US demographics affect the healthcare
industry?
Final Exam Review
What is meant by “diversity management”?
U.S. Demographics
• Population has changed regarding age, gender and
ethnicity
• Population is getting older and require greater intensity
of health care
• Declining number of young people increasing shortage
of clinicians
• Population changing ethnic distribution
• Lack of women and other minorities in leadership roles
Chapter 2
Diversity Management
Strategically driven process whose emphasis is
on building skills and creating policies that will
address the changing demographics of the
workforce and patient population.
Chapter 2
Final Exam Review
It is much easier to correct performance than it is
to correct one’s attitude.
Explain methods we may use to measure one’s
attitude.
Attitudes
• Attitudes can be measured by asking people
about their opinions, behaviors, thoughts,
values, feelings and beliefs about various topics.
• This can be done in focus groups and interviews
• Most typically with a written questionnaire
• Employee survey are widely used in
organizations
Chapter 3
Final Exam Review
Explain the Johari Window.
Explain how it is used in communication.
Why does communication matter to a manger?
Johari Window
• Model improves an individual’s communication
skills through identifying ones’ capabilities and
limitations
• Window 1: open area
• Window 2: blind area
• Window 3: hidden area
Exhibit 4-1 Chapter 4
Final Exam Review
Describe the “halo” effect.
What is the opposite of the “halo” effect?
Halo Effect
• We evaluate an individual as positive on many
traits because that individual was perceived
positively for one trait.
• Individual draws general positive impression
about another based on a single characteristic
• Opposite to halo effect “horn effect”
• Person evaluates another as low on many traits
because perceived negative on one trait
Chapter 3
Final Exam Review
Discuss McClellan’s 3-Need Theory as it relates
to a manager’s success in the workplace.
McClelland's 3-Need Theory
Identifies three types of motivational needs:
Achievement (n-Ach)
Power
(n-Pow)
Affiliation
(n-Aff)
Interesting aspect: individuals can “learn” a need
for achievement by being associated with
success and failure in the past.
Final Exam Review
Name and describe the four types of
reinforcements available to managers for
changing an employee’s behavior.
4 Types of Reinforcements
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Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction
Chapter 6
Final Exam Review
Why might optimistic attribution style be
undesirable?
Chapter 7
Final Exam Review
Describe organizational politics and the resulting
political behaviors.
Organizational Politics
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Attacking or blaming others
Using information as a political tool
Creating a favorable image
Developing a base of support
Praising others
Associating with influential people
Creating obligations
Chapter 8
Final Exam Review
How do leaders differ from managers in the
context “what they do.”
Manager vs. Leader
Manger directs the work of employees
Leader inspires employees with a vision
Chapter 9
Final Exam Review
Name and describe the four basic types of conflict.
4 Basic Types of Conflict
Goal
Cognitive
Affective
Procedural
Chapter 14
Final Exam Review
How does the size of a group affect performance?
Chapter 15
Final Exam Review
Some team are traditional work teams and others
are self-managing work team.
Explain the difference.
Chapter 17
Final Exam Review
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the 4
basic organization structures.
1. Simple
2. Functional
3. Divisional
4. Matrix