Organic
Chemistry
Fix note packet
so it’s
faster and not as
Ch.
9-12
Schedule
- Spring 2013
boring.
Date
Fri.
5-10
Homework (to be
Day 1 – through intro stereoisomers
and
Topics
Completed on date listed)
options^positions.
Have
them
build
Isomerism - enantiomers
Read: Ch. and
9 pg. 278-288; 292-295
make
straight
to
cyclic.
Try
to get the
Interpreting structural formulas
Wedge-bond &stereo
Fischervs.
Projections
enant etc. practice done too.
Applications Day 2 – (add slide with shapes and
number isomers) impt.
Fri.
5-10
Correct PS 9.1; Quiz
Read: Ch. 10 pg.308-315
Monosaccharides (faster; Hwk:
no pics?);
Intro to Carbohydrates
PS 9.1 Ch. 9 #1,3,5,7,8,9abc,10ab,11-14
chem/phys
Monosaccharides – classification,
names prop slide is good; Add old
stereoisomerism,
monosaccharides
slide for impt.
benedicts
in with first cyclic
Mon.
5-13
Cyclic vs. open-chain structures/Haworth structures
how sweet it is to later afterRead: Ch. 10 pg. 315-323
Chem/Phys. properties of monosaccharides
disaccharides); for each disaccharide
disaccharides
Tues.
5-14
Clicker Practice Quiz
benedicts and it’s enzyme. Read: Ch. 10 pg. 323-335
Polysaccharides; digestion (need min. 50 minutes)
Hwk: PS 10.1 Ch. 10 #3,4,7abde,9,10,13, 15,16,19,22
Fiber, cell recognition (if time?)
(will grade tomorrow)
Wed.
5-15
Correct PS 10.1 & 10.2; Quiz
Fiber, cell recognition
Lab– Building a disaccharide & a fatty acid
Lipids – classification Fatty acids
Thurs.
5-16
Structure & properties of triacylglycerols
Chemical reactions of triacylglycerols
-hydrolysis, digestion/storage/hydrogenation
LAB – Making Soap
Fri.
5-17
Correct 11.1/Soap Lab; Quiz PS 11.1/soap lab
LAB – Properties of Lipids
Hwk: PS 11.1 # 1,2,3,6,8,11a,15,16,47,48
Hwk: Collect Soap Lab
Mon.
5-20
Correct Lipid Lab; Notes - Proteins-types
-amino acids & zwitterions
Read: Ch. Ch. 12 pg.372-380
Hwk: Complete Lab
Tues.
5-21
Correct Zwitterion WS
Peptides & their chemical reactions
12.5 - 3-D structure of proteins
Read: Ch. 12 pg. 380-391
Hwk: Finish Zwitterion WS
Wed.
5-22
Lab – Identifying Biomolecules (B-13)
(Iodine, Ninhydrin, Biuret, & Benedicts tests)
Correct PS 12.1; Video - Proteins
Thurs.
5-23
Quiz-PS 12.1 & Lab
Lab – Identifying Proteins and Amino Acids
(Biuret, Xanthoproteic, Sakaguchi, Nitroprusside tests)
Hwk: Complete lab
Fri.
5-24
TEST: Ch. 9-12 (through 12.5)
Lab B-16 – Enzymes vs. Inorganic Catalysts
Hwk: STUDY!!!
example of mutarotation; move box
make it show if test positively for
Hwk: PS 10.2 # 29,30,31,39,40,41,45,53,58
Read: Ch. 11 pg. 340-351
Read: 391-402
Hwk: PS 12.1 # 1,3 (omit e),4 (omit bc),5,7a, 10(don’t name),
14 (don’t name),15 (total # only, don’t list),
30,31,32,34,35,36
SEE BACK FOR ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
Please be prompt about making up labs. If you know you’re going to miss a lab, you should
think about making it up ahead of time. Thanks!
a Essential Questions
Ch. 9-12
CHAPTER 9
• How can you distinguish between chiral and achiral molecules?
• How can you identify tetrahedral stereocenter?
CHAPTER 10
• How can you describe the biological roles of carbohydrates & distinguish between mono- ,di- , oligo-, and polysaccharides?
• How can you draw Fischer and Haworth projections?
- Be able to identify the Fischer projection for which a Haworth projection correlates and vice versa.
- If given the classification of a sugar (aldohexose, ketotetrose etc.) be able to predict the shape it will take (hexagon,
pentagon etc.) as well as its molecular formula (C6H12O6, C4H8O4).
- Given the classification of a sugar (aldohexose, ketotetrose etc.) be able to determine how many stereoisomers it would
have. (i.e. be able to determine the # of stereoisomers and thus the # of isomers.)
• How can you describe structures and functions of mono-, di-, and polysaccharides?
- Know common mono- (glucose, galactose, fructose), di- (lactose, maltose, sucrose), and polysaccharides (starch- amylose,
amylopectin, glycogen, cellulose).
- Given a monosaccharide be able to classify it as an aldose/ketose and as a tetrose, pentose, hexose etc.
- Given a disaccharide be able to tell the monosaccharides from which is is made and be able to identify how they are linked
if given a diagram of the structure – (14), (14), (16) etc.
- Given a polysaccharide be able to tell the monosaccharide from which it is made and be able to identify how they are linked
if given a diagram of the structure – (14), (14), (16) etc.
- Know that sugars exist predominantly in their cyclic (hemiacetal) structure.
- Be able to distinguish between  and  mono- and di- saccharides.
- Know physical properties of monosaccharides.
• Be able to compare and contrast what happens to starch and cellulose when ingested.
• Be able to explain how structural differences between starch and cellulose lead to different roles.
• How can you describe photosynthesis and the interdependence of plants and animals?
CHAPTER 11
• How can you draw the structures and describe the physical properties of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?
- Be able to explain the different properties of saturated and unsaturated fats as well as how trans-fats are related to saturated
and unsaturated fats in terms of structure and melting points.
- Be able to explain the solubility of fats in polar and nonpolar solvents.
- Be able to explain the roles of fat and water soluble vitamins.
• How can you draw the structures and describe the physical properties of triacylglycerols & fat-soluble vitamins?
- Be able to draw the following reactions:
glycerol + 3 fatty acids  triglyceride + 3 H2O
triglyceride + 3 H2O  glycerol + 3 fatty acids
triglyceride + 3 NaOH  glycerol + 3 soaps (salts of fatty acids)
• How can you describe and write reactions for the hydrolysis, catalytic hydrogenation, and rancidity reactions of
triacylglycerols?
• How can you describe the structure of biological membranes?
• How can you describe the processes by which molecules and ions are transported across biological membranes?
LAB OBJECTIVES
• Making Soap
-Be able to draw the saponification reaction of any triglyceride.
-Know the chemicals and equipment needed to make soap.
-Be able to explain how ethanol is used as an emulsifying agent and why it is needed.
• Properties of Lipids Lab
-Be able identify a lipid by its structure and predict if it would dissolve in water, or hexane; and be able to predict
wheat it would look like if tested with Sudan III.
-Given the structure of a fat, be able to predict what would be observed if bromine water were added to it.
CHAPTER 12
• How can you draw and categorize the -amino acids?
-Be able to draw any amino acid if given the structure for its “R” group.
• How can you describe the effect of pH changes on a-amino acid function?
- Be able to draw the structure of an amino acid at low, physiological, and high pH.
• How can you describe the structures of peptides, and write equations for their synthesis from -amino acids?
- Be able to draw the structure of a polypeptide (polyamide).
• How can you describe and write equations for the reactions of peptides?
- Be able to draw the digestion (hydrolysis) of a polypeptide.
• How can you distinguish between the primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of proteins?
- Be able to describe the type of forces what exist between side chains of amino acids.
- Be able to describe the hydrogen bonding that occurs between peptide groups in polypeptide chains to make -helices and sheets.
- Given a description of protein folding, be able to identify the type(s) of forces involved.
- Be able to describe the difference between conjugated and simple proteins (including the use of the terms “prosthetic groups,
cofactors, coenzymes.”
• How can you describe the forces that stabilize proteins?
- Be able to list/explain all five stabilizing forces.
• How can you describe mutations and how they affect living organisms?
• How can you describe protein denaturation by environmental changes?
LAB OBJECTIVES
• Identifying Biomolecules B-13
-Know what color changes are observed for each test (Ninhydrin, Benedicts, Iodine, and Biuret) as well as what types of
molecules they test for (by name or structure).
• Identifying Proteins and Amino Acids
- Know what color changes are observed for each test ( Biuret, Xanthoproteic, Sakaguchi, Nitroprusside tests) as well as
what types of molecules they test for (by name or structure)
*** Be able to identify the major structural differences of the four main types of biomolecules (carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, nucleic acids) as well as their roles.***
* Know the difference between covalent, ionic, and intermolecular bonding.