AP Biology Test Review: Botany
1. What are the 3 main characteristics of modern plants
2. What is the dominant stage in the lifecycle of a cherry tree?
3. The danger of desiccation (drying out) and the need for gas exchange are two
conflicting problems that were solved through the evolution of what structures
4. A botanist discovers a new species of plant in a tropical rain forest. After observing
its anatomy and life cycle, the following characteristics were noted: lack of vascular
tissue, a dominant gametophyte generation and no roots, stems or leaves. The
botanist concluded that it must be a _____________________
5. Seedless vascular plants must remain in areas with considerable amounts of rainfall.
What is the most significant reason seed producers are able to live in dryer areas?
6. What is the function of root hairs?
7. The majority of ground tissue in the root is called?
8. What are the steps in root development?
9. What is the function of the root cap?
10. On what tissue would you find root hairs?
11. In monocots, how are vascular bundles arranged in the stem?
12. What would happen if cutin was removed from a plant?
13. What hold herbaceous stems upright?
Figure #1
14. What is figure #1?
15. What is the function of the vascular cambium?
16. What is the sequence of the maturation of xylem cells?
17. How do woody plants protect their apical meristems from freezing and drying out?
18. How can you determine the age of a stem without looking at a cross section?
19. If the bark from a tree were stripped, why would the plant die?
20. What is the function of a lenticel?
21. Which of the following is a characteristic of a dicot stem?
22. How does a symplastic route differ from an apoplastic route?
23. What are the sequence of events that lead to the opening of a stomate?
24. What plant processes would stop if electrochemical gradients could not be
established
25. According to the pressure flow model of translocation, why does water enters the
source end of sieve tubes?
26. What are some adaptation/relationship that enables plants to obtain nitrogen?
Label the structures to answer 27-29
30. The plant structure which produces the male gametophyte is called a(n)
31. What are the essential flower parts?
32. During pollination, a pollen grain lands on what structure?
33. In flowering plants, meiosis occurs in what structures?
a) microspore mother cells (microsporocytes)
b) generative cells
c) microspores
d) endosperm
34. In the ovule, a megaspore mother cell produces 4 megaspores. One undergoes 3
mitotic divisions resulting in how many cells with how many nuclie
35. Why is double fertilization advantageous to angiosperms?
36. What happens to the ovary following fertilization?
37. What is the function of a fruit?
38. What happens to the ovule following fertilization?
39. Why is moisture is an important factor in seed germination?
40. Which of the following structures provides a food source for an embryonic dicot as it
germinates?
41. Many plants can carry on vegetative propagation. What is the evolutionary
advantage of this type of reproduction?
42. The plant hormone produced in late fall that stimulate bud formation and inhibits
growth is ____________________
43. Why do plants bend toward light
44. What hormone is most involved in the ripening of fruit?
45. Vines in tropical rain forests must attach to trees in order to be able to compete for
light. The most useful movement/tropism would be ___________________