[Requirement]
Master the definition of microorganism
Master the classification of microorganism
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1. Microbes : Definition, Classification, Distribution of Microorganisms
2. Microbiology
[Requirement]
Master the superficial structure of bacteria.
Master the special structure of bacteria and their functions.
Master the following concepts :
1.plasmid 2. flagellum 3. pillus 4. capsule 5. spore
6.L-form bacterium 7.
lipopolysaccharide(LPS)
Understand the size and shape of bacteria.
[Class hour: 2 hours ]
[Content]
I . Size of bacteria
II Shape of bacteria
III Superficial layer and specific structure
IV Bacteria L—Forms
[Requirement]
Master the reason that obligate anaerobes can’t grow in free oxygen condition.
Master the anabolic metabolic products of bacteria.
Master the following concepts: pyrogen
Understand bacterial nutrition.
Understand the growth curve of bacteria
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
I . Bacterial nutrition
II Bacterial growth and reproduction
III Growth curve of bacteria

[Requirement]
Master the characteristics of plasmid.
Master the mechanism of mutation and gene transfer of bacteria.
Master the following concepts :
1. Plasmid 2 . transformation 3. transduction 4.
conjugation
5 . lysogenic phage (temperate phage) 6. lysogenic bacteria 7. prophage
[Class hour: 1 hours ]
[Content]
I.
Genetic substance
1.
chromosome
2.
Plasmid
3. phage: Interrelation between phage and bacteria : lysogenic state
II. Mechanism of bacterial variation mutation.
1.Mutation
2. genetic transfer: transformation, transduction, conjugation
[Requirement]
Master the infection of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria
Master the functions of normal flora
Master the following concepts :
1. normal flora 2. opportunistic pathogenic bacteria
[Class hour: 1 hours ]
[Content]
Concepts: normal flora; opportunistic pathogenic bacteria
1. Distribution of normal flora
2. Roles of normal flora.
(1) Biological barrier: antagonism
(2) nutrient synthesize :
(3) immue: enhance and develop and maturation of immue system
3. Flore disequilibrium (dysbacteriosis)
[Requirement]
Master the mechanism of b acterial virulence
Master the toxins of b acteria
Master the following concepts : 1.Toxemia 2.bacteremia 3.septicemia 4.pyemia
[Class hour: 3 hours ]
[Content]

Virulence:
I. Invasiveness
II. Toxin: properties of endotoxin and exotoxin
III. Occurance and development of infection
Ⅱ
[Requirement]
Master the diseases, pathogenesis and clinical findings of Staphylococcus and
Streptococcus.
Master the important toxins and enzymes produced by S. aureus and group A streptococcus.
Master the three hemolytic types of streptococcus.
Master the following concepts: 1. Coagulase 2. SPA 3. M protein 4. Streptolysin
5. poststreptococcal diseases
Understand the important properties, transmission, laboratory diagnosis, treatment and prevention of staphylococcus and streptococcus.
[Class hour: 2 hours ]
[Content]
1. disease
2. important properties: morphology, important cell wall components and antigens
3. transmission
4. pathogenesis: enzymes, toxin
5. treatment
6. prevention: no vaccine
1.
diseases
2.
important properties: hemolytic types, important antigens
3.
classification of streptococci
4.
transmission:
5.
pathogenesis: mechanism: A. inflammation-related enzymes B. toxins and hemolysins poststreptococcal diseases: A.acute glomerulonephritis B. acute rheumatic fever
6.
laboratory diagnosis: microbiologic, serologic
7.
treatment: penicillin G, vancomycin
8.
prevention: no vaccines against any of the streptococci except S. pneumoniae
[Requirement]

Master antigens and common features of the enterobacteriaceae family.
Master the diseases, pathogenesis and clinical findings of Escherichia.
Master the surface structural components and toxin associated with pathogenesis of
Escherichia.
Master the feature of three types E.coli (ETEC, EIEC, EHEC) in intestinal tract infection.
Master the disease of systemic infection caused by E.coli.
Understand the important properties, laboratory diagnosis, treatment and prevention of Escherichia.
[Class hour: 2 hours ]
[Content]
1.
common features of the family
2.
pathogenesis: endotoxin, exotoxin
3.
antigens: the O antigen, the H antigen, the K antigen
4. laboratory diagnosis: MacConkey’s agar, EMB agar
5.
coliforms and public health
Section 2 pathogens both within and outside the enteric tract----escherichia
1.
diseases
2.
important properties: ferment lactose
3.
pathogenesis: intestinal tract infection, systemic infection, urinary tract infection
4.
laboratory diagnosis: MacConkey’ agar, EMB agar
5.
treatment: depend on the resistance pattern of the specific isolate
6.
prevention: no active or passive immunization available
[Requirement]
Master the mechanism of pathogenicity
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1. important characteristics: Morphology; culture;
2.pathogenicity--pathogenic factor: flagellum; Cholera enterotoxin; Disease--cholera
3.immunity
4.laboratory diagnosis(bacteriological methods):specimen
5.prevention and treatment
[Requirement]
Master the mechanism of pathogenicity
Master the following concepts :BCG
[Class hour: 1.5 hours ]
[Content]

1. important characteristics: Morphology; culture2.pathogenicity--pathogenic factor:
Lipid contents of the cell wall
Disease--tuberculosis
3.immunity: CMI; PPD skin test; hypersensitivity
4.laboratory diagnosis(bacteriological methods): acid-fast stain
5.prevention and treatment: vaccine--BCG
[Requirement]
Master the difference between actinomycete and eukaryote
Master the following concepts : Sulfur granule
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1. biological characteristics: Filamentous prokaryotic microbes
2. pathogenicity--pathogenic factor
3 .immunity
4. laboratory diagnosis(bacteriological methods): Sulfur granule
6.
prevention
7.
treatment
[Requirement]
Master the common characteristics of Mycoplasma
Master the disease caused by Mycoplasma
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1.common biological characteristics: non-cell wall; special cell membrane
2.pathogenicity--pathogenic factor phathogenesis: disease
3.immunity
4.laboratory diagnosis(bacteriological methods)
5.prevention
6. treatment
[Requirement]
Master the common characteristics of Spirochetes
Master the disease caused by Spirochetes
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1.common biological characteristics: situs is between bacterium and protozoa
2.pathogenicity--pathogenic factor phathogenesis: disease—syphilis and Leptospirosis
3.immunity

4.laboratory diagnosis(bacteriological methods)
5.prevention
6. treatment
[Requirement]
Master the common characteristics of Chlamydiae
Master the diseases caused by Chlamydiae
Master the following concepts: Elementary body, Initial body, inclusion body
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1.common biological characteristics: situs between bacterium and virus; unique life cycle
2.pathogenicity--pathogenic factor phathogenesis: disease
3.immunity
4.laboratory diagnosis(bacteriological methods)
5.prevention
6. treatment
[Requirement]
Master the common characteristics of Rickettsiae
Master the disease caused by Rickettsiae and the transmitted way
Master the following concepts : Weil-Felix reaction
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1.common biological characteristics: situs between bacterium and virus
2.pathogenicity--pathogenic factor pathogenesis: transmitted way
3.immunity
4.laboratory diagnosis(bacteriological methods): Weil-Felix reaction
5.prevention
6. treatment
[Requirement]
Master the classification of anaerobic bacteria
Master the pathogenetic conditions of Clostridium
Master the mechanism of pathogenicity
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1 . classification:Spore-forming anaerobes--Clostridium(G
+ bacilli)
Non-spore-forming anaerobes--polymorphic

2.biological characteristics: obligate anaerobic
3.pathogenicity—pathogenic factor: condition; tetanpspasmin (neurotoxin); phathogenesis: mechanism
4. immunity: Active immunization: toxoid DPT
Passive immunization: TAT
5. laboratory diagnosis(bacteriological methods)
6. prevention
7. treatment
[Requirement]
Master the chemical composition and function of viruses
Master the following concepts :
1.
Obligate intracellular parasites 2. Virion 3. Defective virus 4.
Prion
Understand the characteristics of Viral Genetics.
[Class hour: 1 hours ]
[Content]
1 .
.
B a s s i i c C o n c e p t t s s o f f V i i r r u s s e s 3 .
.
S i i g n i i f f i i c a n c e o f f S t t u d i i n g V i i r r o l l o g y f f o r r L i i f f e
S c i i e n c e
4. Concept of virion, size and shape
5. Structure of virus
6. Atypical virus-like agents: defective virus, prion.
[Requirement]
Master the major feature of the replication cycle of viruses.
[Class hour: 1 hours ]
[Content]
1. Replication cycle
[Requirement]
Master the following concepts : 1.
Recombination 2. Reassortment
Master the interrelation between phage and bacteria
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1. mutation, ts mutant
2. Recombination and Reassortment
3. complementation
4. Phenotypic mixing

[Requirement]
Master the the pathways of viral infections and the viruses which can result in vertical infection .
Master the following concepts : vertical transmission 2 . CPE 3. latent infection 4. slow virus infection
[Class hour: 2 hours ]
[Content]
1. The pathways of viral infections
2. The type of viral infection
3. Pathogenesis and immunopathogenesis of Viral Infection
[Requirement]
Master the the antiviral activity of IFN.
Master the following concepts : 4.Interferon (IFN) 5. AVP 6. neutrilizing antibody
Understand the classification of IFN and the production of IFN.
[Class hour: 1.5 hours ]
[Content]
1. IFN concept, classification,production,
2. Action of IFN(anti-virus)
3. characteristics of IFN
4. Neutrilizing antibody
5.CTL
[Requirement]
Understand the examination methods of viral infection.
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1. identification in cell culture.(CPE, inclusion body).
2. Serologic procedures.
3. Detection of viral nucleic acid.
[Requirement]
Understand the characteristics of antiviral agents.
[Class hour: 1 hours ]

[Content]
1. inhibition of early events
2. inhibition of viral nucleic acid synthesis
3. inhibition of viral protein synthesis
[Requirement]
Understand the vaccines of viruses
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1. immunization prevention of viral infection artificial passive immunizaton
[Requirement]
Master the common properties of Herpesviruses.
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1. Common properties of Herpesviruses
2. Classification and associated diseases of Herpesviruses
[Requirement]
Master the diseases caused by HPV.
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1.
Important properties of HPV
2.
Diseases caused by HPV.
[Requirement]
1. Master the property of Influenza viruses genome.
2. Master the two types of antigenic changes of Influenza viruses: antigenic shift and antigenic drift.
[Class hour: 2 hours ]
[Content]
1. Classification and associated diseases of respiratory viruses
2. Influenza viruses: important properties, transmission & epidemiology, pathogenesis, control.

[Requirement]
Master the common properties of Enteroviruses.
[Class hour: 0.5 hours ]
[Content]
1. The common properties of Enteroviruses
2. Classification and associated diseases of Enteroviruses
[Requirement]
1.
Master the important properties, transmission, Ags & Abs, and vaccines of HBV;
2.
Understand the important properties of HAV.
[Class hour: 2.5 hours ]
[Content]
1.
Classification of Hepatitis viruses;
2.
HAV: important properties, transmission, pathogenesis, control
3.
HBV: important properties, transmission, pathogenesis, control.
[Requirement]
1.
Master the functions of gp120;
2.
Master the transmission of HIV;
3.
Understand the pathogenesis of HIV.
[Class hour: 2 hours ]
[Content]
1.
Important properties;
2.
Summary of replication cycle
3.
transmission
4.
Pathogenesis
5.
Control
--------Luan yi

[requirement]
Master the use of oil-immersion lens of microscope.
Master the approach of gram stain.
Be familiar with the bacterial shape and special structure .
[content]
1.
Use oil-immersion lens of microscope
2.
gram stain
3.
observation the shape of bacteria
[class hour: 4 hours]
[requirement]
Master the techniques for bacterial inoculation.
Be familiar with the media for routine cultivation of bacteria well.
Be familiar with the special structure of bacteria.
[content]
1.
Observation of special structure of bacteria
2.
Media for routine cultivation of bacteria
3.
Techniques for bacterial inoculation
[class hour: 4 hours]
[requirement]
Master the preparation of agar plate.
[content]
1.
Preparation of agar plate
2.
bacterial cultivation from air and skin
[class hour: 4 hours]
[requirement]
Master the paper disk method of antibiotics sensitive test.
[content]
1.
Quiz of bacteriology
2.
Antibiotics sensitive test----paper disk method

[class hour: 4 hours]
[requirement]
Master the process of coagulase test.
Be familiar with the process of identification of pus.
Be familiar with the morphology of pathogenic cocci.
[content]
1.
Identification of pathogenic cocci from clinical specimen (pus)
2.
coagulase test
3.
morphology of pathogenic cocci
[class hour: 4 hours]
[requirement]
Master the process of acid-fast stain.
Be familiar with anaerobic culture and Morphology of anaerobic bacteria.
[content]
1.
Introduction of anaerobic culture and morphology of anaerobic bacteria
2.
acid-fast stain
[class hour: 4 hours]
[requirement]
Master the process of heamagglutination test.
Be familiar with viral inclusion body.
[content]
1.
Heamagglutination test
2.
Observation of viral inclusion body.
[class hour: 4 hours]
[requirement]
Master the process of the stain of fungi.
Be familiar with the morphology of mycoplasma, chlamydia, spirochetes and fungi.
[content]
1.
Stain of fungi
2.
Morphology of mycoplasma, chlamydia, spirochetes and fungi
[class hour: 4 hours]

--------Luan yi