Honors/Pre-IB Biology
Viruses and Bacteria Study Guide (Ch.18)
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Describe all the characteristics of viruses.
Compare/contrast the two main types of viruses.
Define viroids and prions.
Compare and contrast the lytic and lysogenic cycles. Name the phases of each cycle.
How do viruses alter genetic code?
Describe a process by which viruses may have evolved.
What does AIDS stand for and what are the symptoms?
What type of virus is HIV?
How is AIDS transmitted and what are some common misnomers about being exposed
to the virus?
10. How are viral diseases treated?
11. Name some viral diseases.
12. How are bacteria different from viruses?
13. Define the following: capsule, flagella, endospore, plasmid, pili
14. What are the characteristics of bacteria?
15. How are the two kingdoms of bacteria different?
16. Draw and label the three basic bacterial shapes and describe their combinations.
17. Contrast bacteria infection and viral infection. What are the steps to infection and what
are the factors that injure the host?
18. What is antibiotic resistance? How does it spread from bacteria to bacteria?
19. Compare and contrast each of the following pairs for bacteria:
a. Heterotrophic vs. autotrophic
b. Phototrophs vs. chemotrophs
c. Binary fission vs. conjugation
d. Aerobes vs. anaerobes
e. Facultative vs. obligate
f. Gram positive vs. Gram negative
g. Prophage vs. bacteriophage
20. How are bacteria beneficial to humans and our ecosystems?
21. Name some bacterial diseases.
22. How are bacteria diseases treated?
23. What are some ways to kill bacteria?